Overdose

Published in Libération
(France) on 30 April 2010
by Laurent Joffrin (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Juliette Wilkerson. Edited by Laura Berlinsky-Schine.
America, it must be said, is addicted to oil. One can say that such addicts are legion around the world, both south and north. But the United States suffers from a particular dependency in this area. A country where the automobile is queen and the truck rules, America sees the motor vehicle as a metaphor for freedom. The voter punishes any candidate who even acts as if he wants to tax fuel; investment in less oil-dependent public transportation has historically lagged; the oil lobby has undue influence; Republicans argue vigorously for the right to explore and to drill, convinced that what is good for Exxon or BP is good for the United States.

And like any addiction, dependence on oil has its side-effects and overdoses. This is the real origin of the sticky tsunami that threatens the melancholy bayous, the placid pelicans and the Mississippi delta that feeds so many American legends. The frantic extraction of oil off the shore of New Orleans presumes, whatever the precautions taken by the oil companies, an acceptance of risk. This cultural imperative, so to speak, is coupled with financial pressures. The private, multinational companies that supply the petroleum drug are naturally inclined to limit spending for safety in the name of profit. A controversy is developing around the responsibility of British Petroleum, which is facing serious accusations of having been negligent. Oil addiction and an obsession with profitability: That is why your Gulf is contaminated.


L’Amérique, il faut bien le dire, est droguée au pétrole. On dira que les toxicomanes sont légion à la surface du globe, au sud comme au nord. Mais les Etats-Unis souffrent, dans ce domaine, d’une dépendance particulière. Pays de l’automobile reine, pays du camion triomphant, l’Amérique voit dans le véhicule à moteur une métaphore de la liberté. L’électeur sanctionne tout candidat qui fait mine de taxer le carburant ; les investissements dans les transports collectifs, moins accros à l’hydrocarbure, affichent un retard historique ; le lobby pétrolier dispose d’une audience malsaine ; les républicains militent avec une virulence extrême pour la liberté de forage et d’exploitation, persuadés que ce qui est bon pour Exxon ou BP est bon pour les Etats-Unis.

Et comme toute toxicomanie, la pétrodépendance comporte ses effets seconds et ses overdoses. Telle est l’origine réelle du tsunami gluant qui menace les bayous mélancoliques, les pélicans placides et ce delta du Mississippi qui irrigue tant de légendes américaines. L’extraction frénétique du pétrole au large de la Nouvelle-Orléans suppose, quelles que soient les précautions prises par les compagnies, une acceptation du risque. Cet impératif pour ainsi dire culturel se double d’une tension financière. Les multinationales privées qui alimentent les circuits de la drogue pétrolière sont naturellement enclines à limiter les dépenses de sécurité au nom du profit. Une polémique se développe autour de la responsabilité de British Petroleum, accusé, avec des arguments sérieux, d’avoir fait preuve de négligence. Accoutumance pétrolière et obsession de la rentabilité : voilà pourquoi votre golfe est pollué.
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