The Chosen

Published in Correo del Sur
(Bolivia) on 30 January 2011
by Cayetano Llobet (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Laura L. Messer. Edited by Patricia Simoni.
Some years ago, already away from politics and upon reentry to academia (a setting more conducive to sincerity, in his words), Fernando Enrique Cardoso was asked which Latin American countries were truly viable. His response was Mexico, Brazil and Chile, for certain. Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia if they make serious structural reforms. Central America survives through its connection to the United States; the rest are non-functional. I have the impression that Peru joined the group of survivors. Now Obama has announced his next visit to South America. Or more accurately, his next visit to Brazil and Chile. The spokesman for the National Security Council of the White House, Mike Hammer, clarified that the trip “will provide an opportunity to highlight the president’s commitment to key leaders in the continent.”

Imagine Madam Cristina Kirchner’s foul mood on learning she is not considered by the White House to be one of the key leaders in the region. Obama, with narrow political logic, decided that those being called are not many, but the chosen are very few indeed. Brazil was the first Latin American country chosen by Obama for regional dialogue. Certainly, Lula gave him more than a headache, because the gringos never understood his pretensions toward worldwide power, let alone the conceptual knot of Brazilian foreign policy toward the region, expressed in this equation: “Add Brazil by subtracting the United States.” And when his representatives in Brasilia were writing to the State Department that Hugo Chavez and Evo Morales were those who instigated Lula to take an anti-U.S. position, they were declaring a total ignorance of reality. It was completely the opposite: Lula aroused Chavez and Evo, supported the Cuban regime to the point of getting tangled up in its human rights violations and lauded any protest against the gringos, because all of this forms a part of the Brazilian assertion of the regional sub-empire. I suppose that in his conference with Dilma Rousseff, he will not meet the equivalent of the little emperor that Lula was, but it is a given that the first key relationship for the United States in the region cannot be with anyone other Brazil.

Chile’s case is different. The visit is the prize for the top student in the class. Obama previously said to Michelle Bachelet in June 2009: “Chile is a model country in the region.”* Plus, for a long while, the Chileans, in all of their ideological, doctrinal and socio-economic variations, have never abandoned the spirit of service to the national interest, “by reason or by the sword.” They got ahead of the rest in their relations with the most powerful economies on the planet; they have the best percentage of exports in their GDP; their economy is recognized as the most competitive in the region; Chile has become an investor nation in Argentina, Peru, and now Brazil, with figures numbering in the billions of dollars; and, to top it all off, it is an extraordinary example of bureaucracy. Even the most famous of its criminals, Augusto Pinochet, was bureaucratic! And for labeling purposes, a visit to one from the left wing and one from the right wing. I say labeling purposes, because I do not believe that Dilma is left-wing nor that Piñera is right-wing, because they are modern, because the politics of 40 years ago and its archaic definitions are no longer alive; because they do not govern looking backward; because they want progress, not regressive utopias; because they know the horizon is always ahead, never behind. Obama knows that, too.

*Editor's Note: This quote, while accurately translated, could not be verified.


Los escogidos

Cayetano Llobet T.

Hace varios años, ya fuera de la política y de retorno a la academia -escenario más fácil para la sinceridad según dijo-, le preguntaron a Fernando Enrique Cardoso cuáles eran los países realmente viables de América Latina. Respondió que México, Brasil y Chile, con seguridad. Argentina, Venezuela y Colombia, si hacen reformas estructurales serias. América Central se salva por su vinculación con Estados Unidos; lo demás no sirve. Tengo la impresión de que Perú entró al grupo de los que se salvan. Ahora Obama ha anunciado su próxima visita a América del Sur. Mejor dicho, su visita a Brasil y Chile. El portavoz del Consejo de Seguridad Nacional de la Casa Blanca, Mike Hammer, aclaró que el viaje "brindará una oportunidad para resaltar el compromiso del presidente con líderes clave en el continente". Es de suponer el mal humor de doña Cristina Kirchner al enterarse de que no está considerada por la Casa Blanca como uno de los líderes clave de la región. Obama, con estricta lógica política, decidió que no son muchos los llamados pero sí muy pocos los escogidos. Brasil ha sido el primer país latinoamericano que Obama eligió como interlocutor regional. Es cierto que Lula le dio más de un dolor de cabeza, porque los gringos jamás entendieron sus pretensiones de potencia mundial y menos el nudo conceptual de la política exterior brasileña para la región que se expresa en esta ecuación: "a menos Estados Unidos, más Brasil". Y cuando sus representantes en Brasilia escribían al Departamento de Estado que Hugo Chávez y Evo Morales eran los que instigaban a Lula a una política antiestadounidense, estaban afirmando un desconocimiento absoluto de la realidad. Era todo lo contrario: Lula estimulaba a Chávez y a Evo, apoyaba al régimen cubano hasta atragantarse con sus atropellos a los derechos humanos, exaltaba cualquier manifestación contra los gringos, porque todo eso forma parte de la afirmación brasileña de subimperio regional. Supongo que en su entrevista con Dilma Rousseff no encontrará al equivalente del pequeño emperador que era Lula, pero es un hecho que la primera relación clave para Estados Unidos en la región no puede ser otra que Brasil.
El caso de Chile es diferente. La visita es el premio al mejor alumno de la clase. Ya se lo dijo Obama a Michelle Bachelet en junio de 2009: "Chile es un país modelo en la región". Y es que desde hace mucho tiempo, los chilenos, en todas sus variantes ideológicas, doctrinales y coyunturales, nunca han abandonado el espíritu de servicio al interés nacional, "por la razón o por la fuerza". Se adelantaron a todos los demás en su relacionamiento con las economías más poderosas del planeta, tienen el mayor porcentaje de exportaciones de su PIB, su economía está reconocida como la más competitiva de la región, se ha convertido en país inversor en Argentina, Perú y ahora Brasil, con cifras de miles de millones de dólares y, para colmo, es un ejemplo extraordinario de institucionalidad. ¡Si hasta el más famoso de sus criminales, Augusto Pinochet, era institucional! Y para fines de etiqueta en el frasco visita a una de izquierda y a uno de derecha. Digo para fines de etiqueta, porque no creo que ni Dilma sea de izquierda ni Piñera de derecha, porque son modernos, porque ya no viven la política de hace cuarenta años y de sus definiciones arcaicas, porque no gobiernan mirando hacia atrás, porque quieren progreso, no utopías regresivas, porque saben que el horizonte siempre está adelante, nunca en la espalda. Obama también lo sabe.
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