Robert Gates’ Legacy

Published in El Mundo
(Spain) on 30 June 2011
by Ricard Gonzalez (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Matt Gallagher. Edited by Jennifer Pietropaoli  .
With a ceremony at the Pentagon where Obama awarded him a Presidential Medal of Freedom, Robert Gates ended his time as secretary of Defense. And he did so in front of the praise of the majority of the U.S. media. Some went so far as to call him the best secretary of Defense in the history of the United States.

That last affirmation may be a bit exaggerated. However, the admiration that Gates awakens is perfectly comprehensible. In an age of great political polarization, where statesmen are known for their absence and the main focus of most politicians is their reelection, Gates is an example of unselfish public service. In the last decades he is the only secretary that has served under two presidents of different parties.

In the fall of 2006 George Bush appealed to Gates, an officer in the U.S. Air Force and a retired director of the CIA, to help solve the nightmare that the Iraq War had become. For his sobriety and pragmatism, some have compared him to Harvey Keitel’s likable “Pulp Fiction” character, the Wolf, whose main function was to clean up messes.

At the start, his appointment caused surprise since Gates had publicly declared himself against the war in Iraq. His ideology and attitude were completely contrary to those of his predecessor, Donald Rumsfeld. Precisely for that, Bush chose him.

After receiving the charge of ending the war in Iraq in the most dignified form possible, Gates ordered a military escalation that seemed contrary to his plans. Many accused him of maintaining a servile attitude toward Bush and putting his ambitions in front of his own integrity. Nonetheless, time proved him right, and within two years he had already gained public recognition.

Later in his role as secretary, he won unanimous praise for his efficiency in managing the enormous bureaucracy of the Pentagon. Gates never shied away from disciplining those high in command, whether it was for negligence of the sanitary conditions of the soldiers or the control of nuclear warheads. Nor did he shy away from immediately ordering 27,000 armored tanks to enter Iraq, a move that saved hundreds of lives from explosions.

It was for his efficiency that Obama proposed that he continue his charge. Gates had already announced that he wished to retire, but he accepted Obama’s proposal. Afterward, he declared that he couldn’t refuse the commander in chief. His service to his country was beyond both political agenda and the plans of his personal life. He was now in charge of another mess: the war in Afghanistan. But at this point, he did advise his countrymen that he wouldn’t see the job through to the finish.

Gates has at times received applause and criticism for his attempt to stop the exponential increases of the Pentagon. In various instances, the secretary has denounced the wasteful framework of the military-industrial complex. For example, in one difficult battle he fought not to increase the number of F-22 fighters because he considered them inadequate for real wartime action. Regardless, many accuse him of talking more than carrying out any cuts, since the reality is that Defense Department spending has continued to rise under his direction.

Despite having presided over the military escalations in Iraq and Afghanistan, if one were to ask Gates what he liked best about his legacy that he will leave behind, he would probably respond that he was able to steer the future toward utilizing U.S. military power with better prudence. Not in vain, he recently said, “Any future Defense secretary who advises the president to again send a big American land army into Asia or into the Middle East or Africa should ‘have his head examined.’”




Con una ceremonia en el Pentágono, en la que el presidente Obama le hizo entrega de la Medalla de la Libertad, Robert Gates puso fin hoy a su etapa como secretario de Defensa. Y lo ha hecho entre los elogios de la mayoría de los medios de comunicación estadounidenses. Algunos incluso lo han definido como el mejor secretario de Defensa de la Historia de EEUU.

Esta última afirmación puede ser un tanto exagerada. Sin embargo, la admiración que despierta Gates es perfectamente comprensible. En un momento de gran polarización política, en el que los estadistas brillan por su ausencia, y el principal interés de la gran mayoría de políticos pasa simplemente por su reelección, Gates es un ejemplo de abnegado servicio público. Y es que, en las últimas décadas, es el único secretario que ha servido a dos presidentes de partidos diferentes.

A Gates, un oficial de las Fuerzas Aéreas y director de la CIA retirado, recurrió George Bush en otoño del 2006 para solucionar el auténtico marasmo en el que se había convertido la guerra de Irak. Por su sobriedad y pragmatismo, algunos lo compararon con al genial personaje de “señor Lobo” en Pulp Fiction, que interpretó Harvey Keitel, y cuya tarea era arreglar desaguisados.

En un principio, su elección causó sorpresa, pues Gates se había manifestado públicamente contra la guerra de Irak. Su ideología y actitud vital contrastaban completamente con la de su predecesor, el denostado Donald Rumsfeld. Precisamente por eso, lo debió elegir Bush.

Tras recibir el encargo de poner fin a la guerra de Irak de la forma más digna posible, Gates ordenó una escalada militar que parecía contraria a sus planteamientos. Muchos le acusaron de mantener una actitud servil hacia Bush, y de poner por delante sus ambiciones a su integridad. Sin embargo, el tiempo acabó dando la razón, y en un plazo de dos años ya se había ganado el reconocimiento público.

Más allá del giro que imprimió a la guerra de Irak, se ganó elogios unánimes por su efectividad en el manejo de la enorme burocracia del Pentágono. A Gates no le tembló la mano a la hora de disciplinar a varios altos cargos, ya sea por negligencia en el trato sanitario a los soldados o el control de las cabezas nucleares. Tampoco dudó en ordenar de forma inmediata tras su nombramiento la fabricación y envío de 27.000 blindados a Irak, que salvaron centenares de vidas en los ataques con minas.

Fue por su eficacia que Obama le propuso continuar en el cargo. Gates ya había anunciado que le apetecía retirarse, pero aceptó. Posteriormente declaró que no podía rechazar el encargo del presidente. Su servicio al país estaba por delante de agendas políticas, o los planes de su vida personal. Nada menos que tenía el encargo de solucionar otro nuevo desaguisado: la guerra de Afganistán. Pero eso sí, advirtió que no terminaría el mandato.

Un asunto por el que Gates ha recibido aplausos y críticas a la vez es su intento de frenar el aumento exponencial del presupuesto del Pentágono. En numerosas ocasiones, el secretario ha denunciado el despilfarro del entramado militar-industrial. Por ejemplo, tras una dura batalla consiguió que no se ampliara la flota de cazas F-22 por considerarlos desfasados para el tipo de guerras actuales. No obstante, muchos le acusan de haber hecho más discursos que recortes, pues la realidad es que el presupuesto de su departamento ha continuado creciendo bajo su mandato.

A pesar de haber presidido las escaladas militares en Irak y Afganistán, si le preguntaran a Gates cuál le gustaría que fuera su legado, probablemente respondería que el haber ayuda a que en el futuro se utilice con mayor prudencia el poderío militar de EEUU. No en vano recientemente dijo: “Cualquier futuro secretario de Defensa que aconseje al presidente enviar otra vez un gran ejército de tierra a Asia o Oriente Medio debería ir a que le examinaran la cabeza”.
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