Political War Endangers U.S. Economy

Published in Nikkei
(Japan) on 24 November 2011
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Taira Ishikura. Edited by Alyssa Goulding.
United States political parties must keep this in mind: It is no time for a political war that endangers the economy.

The U.S. “supra-partisan” Congressional committee’s negotiations on fiscal reconstruction have failed, due to the clash between the administrating Democrats pushing against cuts in social security and the Republicans refusing a tax increase for the wealthy.

This past summer, the two parties agreed to reduce deficits in exchange for raising the debt ceiling. It is a shame that the committee failed, considering more than $1.2 trillion worth of budget reduction in the 10-year span was at stake.

This, however, does not mean that the U.S. will default on its debt. The enactment of the “trigger mechanism,” which forces a budget reduction of $1.2 trillion starting from the year 2013, would guarantee the deficit reduction on a consistent scale.

However, since the defense and social security budget would be automatically cut, the enactment may constrain security and economic operations. While President Obama plans to refuse a revision of the trigger mechanism, the pressure to downgrade the U.S. government bonds – for the second time since this summer – may increase if Congress moves to avoid budget cuts.

What is worrisome is the stagnation of policies in general. The main agendas for the U.S. economy are recovery and financial reconstruction. If the political clash continues toward the presidential election next fall, the crystallization of these agendas will inevitably be impeded.

Although Obama has proposed economy-boosting measures funded by tax increases against the rich, it seems impossible to realize all such measures. Even the extension of payroll tax cuts, expiring at the year-end, is still up in the air. The budgetary deficit – which has exceeded $1 trillion for 3 years in a row – is unlikely to be dealt with in a serious fashion.

The parties should overcome their differences and do their best in stabilizing the U.S. economy. They have a responsibility to keep the government from becoming dysfunctional.

The Greek credit crisis is spilling over into Italy and France. The global economy and finances, standing on the verge of collapse, should not be further pressured.


米経済を危険にさらす政争に明け暮れている場合ではない。米国の与野党はそのことを深く肝に銘じるべきだろう。

 米議会超党派委員会の財政再建を巡る協議が決裂した。社会保障費の削減に反対する与党・民主党と、富裕層の増税に抵抗する野党・共和党の対立が原因だ。

 両党は今年夏、連邦債務の上限を引き上げる代わりに、財政赤字を削減することを決めた。このうち10年間で1.2兆ドル(約92兆円)以上の削減案を超党派協議に委ねておきながら、期限までに合意できなかったのは遺憾である。

 これで米国が債務不履行に陥るわけではない。1.2兆ドルの歳出を2013年から強制的に圧縮する「トリガー(引き金)条項」の発動によって、同規模の財政赤字削減が担保されるという。

 しかし国防費や社会保障費などを機械的に減らすため、安全保障や経済運営の足かせになりかねない。オバマ大統領はトリガー条項の修正を拒否するというが、議会が歳出削減の回避に動くようなら、今年夏に続く米国債格下げの圧力が強まる恐れもある。

 心配なのは政策全般の停滞だ。米経済の課題は景気回復と財政再建の両立に尽きる。来年秋の大統領選に向けた与野党の対立が続けば、その具体化に支障が生じるのは避けられない。

 オバマ大統領は富裕層増税などを財源とする景気対策を提案したものの、すべての施策を実現するのは絶望的な状況だ。年末に期限が切れる給与税減税の延長のメドも立たない。一方、3年連続で1兆ドルを超えた財政赤字には、本格的なメスが入りそうにない。

 与野党は党派の対立を乗り越え、米経済の安定に全力を挙げるべきだ。米国のガバナンス(統治)が著しい機能不全に陥るのを回避する責務がある。

 ギリシャの信用不安はイタリアやフランスにも飛び火しつつある。危機の瀬戸際にある世界経済や金融市場にこれ以上の負荷をかけるべきではない。
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