Historically, a popular revolution is assumed to be a movement that generates change, which takes leaps in the walk of history. But this isn’t always true. April of 1965 was a cry of constitutional redemption that ended up being frustrated by the world’s main power, the U.S., which drowned it in blood. 42 marines embarked to prevent the Dominican people from regaining the democratic way started by Professor Juan Bosch and his Dominican Revolutionary Party. The blood spilled resulted in a pact that only served to lay the groundwork toward the legitimization of the government of Joaquin Balaguer.
And to think that April 24 was a consequence of the coup d’etat against the constitutional government, which the U.S. sponsored in league with the Creole oligarchy, the intolerant military, the conservative clergymen and their media. That is to say, the empire that destabilized Bosch’s government drowned brutally with the intervention on the 28th of this month, the popular movement in favor of the comeback of constitutionality. It has an ominous role in the national identity — it’s the same thing that happened from 1916 to 1924.
What should have been a transitional process from dictatorship to democracy ended up becoming truncated until it turned tortuous, long and violent. Those were the times when East-West tensions were predominant, in which two society models confronted each other on a global scale, the U.S. and the USSR. After Cuba, every continental move that didn’t hold up to Washington’s standards was object of suspicions of communism. Bosch’s democratic rehearsal was measured under that standard. They preferred governments of force, militaristic human rights abusers that now claim to defend them.
With Balaguer set up by the United States, the Dominicans would live hard times; political intolerance, a state of terror, deportations, murders and politicization of the Army. Over time, we’ve been recovering democracy. The struggles of the Dominican people and changes in the foreign policy made it possible to reach the point at which we are now — convinced that we should never, ever allow another fateful April 24.
En la historia, una revolución popular se asume como un movimiento generador de cambios, que conlleven saltos en la marcha de la historia. Pero no siempre resulta asÃ. Abril de 1965 fue un grito de redención constitucional que terminó frustrado cuando la principal potencia de la Tierra, Estados Unidos, lo ahogó en sangre. 42 mil marines desembarcaron para impedir que el pueblo dominicano recobrara su senda democrática iniciada por el profesor Juan Bosch y su PRD. La sangre derramada se saldó con un pacto que sólo sirvió para sentar las bases para legitimar al gobierno de JoaquÃn Balaguer.
Y pensar que el 24 de Abril fue una consecuencia del golpe de Estado contra el gobierno constitucional, que Estados Unidos auspició en connivencia con la oligarquÃa criolla, militares intolerantes a su servicio, elementos conservadores del clero y sus expresiones mediáticas. Es decir, que el imperio que desestabilizó el gobierno de Bosch ahogó brutalmente con su intervención, el 28 de ese mes, el movimiento popular por el retorno a la constitucionalidad. Un nefasto papel en la vida nacional. Lo mismo que ocurrió desde 1916 a 1924.
Con Balaguer instalado por Estados Unidos, los dominicanos vivirÃan tiempos difÃciles. Intolerancia polÃtica, terror desde el Estado, deportaciones, asesinatos y politización de las Fuerzas Armadas. Gradualmente, hemos ido recuperando la democracia. Las luchas de los dominicanos y cambios en la polÃtica internacional, han permitido llegar al punto donde nos encontramos, convencidos de que nunca, jamás, deberÃamos permitir un fatÃdico 28 de abril.
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