Unity and Freedom

Published in El País
(Spain) on 7 June 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Álvaro Rodríguez. Edited by Laurence Bouvard.
Something very serious must be going on in crisis-ridden Europe for the president of the United States, Barack Obama, to involve himself in the two referendums that are taking place in the United Kingdom: one on whether the U.K. should stay in the EU, and the other on whether Scotland should separate from the United Kingdom, which is taking place on Sept. 18.

It's not the first time Washington has worried about the United Kingdom's EU exit. The relationship between the U.S. and the U.K. is one of a privileged and special nature, which is also important for the rest of Europe. In addition, it's the basis of the trans-Atlantic relationship, which is crucial to the security of the continent and the world. Despite its difficulty in adapting itself to new events, such as the Ukraine crisis, NATO is still the most successful military alliance in history, not so much for the conflicts it has been involved in, but for those it has avoided.

A United Kingdom weakened by the split with Scotland and less committed to the European continent because of its own intention to get out the EU is of little interest to Washington in maintaining the special relationship. "We obviously have a deep interest in making sure that one of the closest allies we will ever have remains a strong, robust, united and effective partner," stated Obama with calculated words, which the Labour member of parliament Douglas Alexander welcomed, "Building bridges, not putting up new barriers, is the challenge of our generation."

In addition to that, there’s certainly a domino effect on the continent. To the United States, Europe without Britain is a more distant land and in many ways, more likely to be persuaded by the hostile views, which spread along its Slavonic boundaries and in the Middle East. Fragmented, Europe is weaker, less safe and of course, less interesting as a strategic ally.

But it's not only a matter of interests. It has something to do with Obama's doctrine too. The constitutional federalism of the U.S. is a conceptual sum of unity and freedom. E pluribus unum (out of many, one) is the founding motto appearing on its seal. Its application in Europe, after Germany was devastated after Nazism's defeat, has led to one of the most remarkable and efficient political systems.

There is nothing further from American freedom than the disintegration of the U.K. and Europe. The soldiers who disembarked on Normandy beaches 70 years ago and whose sacrifice was commemorated yesterday couldn't be fully aware of how important their sacrifice was going to be, but they fought precisely for our freedom: freedom to join together and become stronger, not to separate from each other and become irrelevant.


Unión y libertad

Obama juega fuerte contra la amenaza de divisiones en Reino Unido y en Europa

Algo muy serio debe estar en juego en la Europa de todas las crisis para que el presidente de Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, haya tomado partido en relación a los dos referendos que se preparan en Reino Unido; uno respecto a la permanencia del país en la Unión Europea y otro —este con fecha de celebración para el próximo 18 de septiembre— sobre la continuación de la unión de Escocia con Inglaterra.

No es la primera vez que suscita preocupación en Washington la eventual salida de Reino Unido de la UE. La relación de EE UU con Reino Unido tiene un carácter privilegiado y especial, que sirve además de delicado engarce con el resto de Europa y constituye el nervio de la relación transatlántica, crucial para la seguridad del continente y del mundo. A pesar de sus dificultades para adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades, como evidencia la crisis ucrania, la OTAN sigue siendo la alianza militar más exitosa de la historia, no tanto por las guerras libradas, sino por las contiendas evitadas.

Un Reino Unido más débil, por el desgajamiento de Escocia, y menos comprometido con el continente europeo, por la salida de la UE, ofrece un interés menor a Washington para seguir manteniendo su relación especial. “Queremos que uno de nuestros socios más cercanos siga fuerte, unido y eficaz”, fueron las calculadas palabras de un Obama que cree, como celebró el laborista Douglas Alexander, que “el desafío de nuestra generación es construir puentes, no levantar nuevas barreras”

A ello se añade, sin duda, el efecto dominó sobre el continente: para Estados Unidos, una Europa sin los británicos es un territorio más lejano y en muchos aspectos más propenso a derivar hacia las posiciones hostiles que proliferan en sus confines eslavos y medio orientales. Fragmentada, Europa es más débil, más insegura y, por supuesto, menos interesante como aliado estratégico.

Pero no se trata tan solo de una cuestión de intereses. También hay elementos doctrinales en la toma de posición de Obama. El federalismo constitutivo de Estados Unidos es la suma conceptual de unión y de libertad. E pluribus unum (de muchos, uno) es el lema fundacional que aparece en su escudo. Su aplicación en Europa, en concreto en la Alemania devastada tras la derrota del nazismo, ha dado pie a uno de los sistemas políticos más admirables y eficaces.

Nada es más ajeno al espíritu de la libertad americana que la disgregación de Europa y de Reino Unido. Los soldados que desembarcaron en Normandía, hace ahora 70 años y cuyo sacrificio fue homenajeado ayer, no podían tener plena conciencia de la trascendencia europea de su sacrificio, pero luchaban precisamente por la libertad de los europeos: libertad para unirnos y hacernos fuertes, no para separarnos y convertirnos en irrelevantes.
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