Trump Has Refrozen Relations with Cuba

Published in El Mundo
(Spain) on 18 June 2017
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Annabel Gill. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
Trump’s move to slam the door on advancing the process of normalizing relations with Cuba has not surprised anyone. The Republican president was especially critical of the historic thaw between the U.S. and the island, a thaw that was supported by Obama last year. Trump promised to reverse the situation if he came to the White House, especially since the support of anti-Castro sectors was essential to winning the election.

Realpolitik has its limits, and Trump does not intend to break diplomatic ties with Havana. But he has resumed the hostile rhetoric to which he has made us accustomed and issued a fiery defense of the embargo. Above all, he has reversed the economic opening. Washington will once again limit American travel to Cuba and ban transactions with Cuba’s huge conglomerate of military companies, which handles the bulk of its business, as the military companies control both the state and tourist sectors. By changing the position of his predecessor, Trump intends to raise the pressure on the Castro regime, and he is not prepared for any kind of rapprochement as long as there are no pro-democratic advances or gestures, such as the release of political prisoners.

It is true that the thaw between the U.S. and Cuba, which was well received by the entire international community, implied considerations on the part of Havana that have not been provided. Far from having produced any openness or progress with respect for human rights and freedoms, Castro-ism has completely rooted itself in Cuba. Given that point of view, there is no reason to criticize Trump for applying pressure. However, U.S. foreign policy toward Cuba must be balanced, and extremely intelligently so, in support of Cubans. Falling back into a state of maximum tension between the two countries would be very counterproductive.


Trump vuelve a congelar la relación con Cuba

El portazo de Trump a seguir avanzando en el proceso de normalización de relaciones con Cuba no ha sorprendido. El republicano fue especialmente crítico con el histórico deshielo entre EEUU y la isla auspiciado el año pasado por Obama. Y prometió revertir la situación si llegaba a la Casa Blanca, sobre todo porque el apoyo de sectores anticastristas resultaba fundamental para lograrlo.

La realpolitik tiene sus límites y Trump no piensa romper los lazos diplomáticos con La Habana. Pero ha retomado la retórica hostil a la que nos tiene acostumbrados con una ardiente defensa del embargo. Y, sobre todo, ha dado marcha atrás en la apertura económica. Así, Washington volverá a limitar los viajes de los estadounidenses a Cuba y prohibirá las transacciones con el enorme conglomerado de empresas militares en la isla, que manejan el grueso de los negocios, ya que controlan tanto el sector estatal como el turístico. Con el cambio de postura respecto a su predecesor, Trump pretende elevar la presión sobre el régimen castrista y no está dispuesto a ningún tipo de acercamiento en tanto en cuanto no se produzcan avances prodemocráticos y gestos como la liberación de los presos políticos.

Es cierto que el deshielo entre EEUU y Cuba, que fue muy bien acogido por toda la comunidad internacional, implicaba contraprestaciones por parte de La Habana que no se han dado. Lejos de haberse producido alguna apertura y de haberse avanzado en el respeto de las libertades y los derechos humanos, el castrismo se ha enrocado por completo. Desde ese punto de vista, no cabe criticar a Trump por ejercer presión. Ahora bien, la política exterior de EEUU respecto a Cuba debe ser equilibrada y sumamente inteligente, en apoyo de los cubanos. Caer de nuevo en la tensión máxima sería muy contraproducente.
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