The US Base COVID-19 Cluster Proves Quarantine Loopholes Must Be Closed

Published in Okinawa Times
(Japan) on 19 December 2021
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by D Baker. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
A large cluster of COVID-19 cases at United States Marine Corps base Camp Hansen has been reported, with 158 people said to have been infected as of Dec. 18. This is a particularly large number given the stability of the COVID-19 situation within Japan.

In addition, there have been a series of confirmed cases of the omicron variant in people connected to Camp Hansen.

A Japanese male employee was confirmed to have been infected on Dec. 17, while it was established that an American female employee and her Japanese husband had the virus on Dec. 18, bringing the total number of omicron cases to three.

What on earth is happening at this base?

The epidemiological connection between the U.S. Marines cluster and the male employees is not yet known. That said, the male employees have no history of overseas travel, whereas the Marines confirmed to have COVID-19 had only just arrived from the United States at the start of this month. As the prefectural government has indicated, it is highly likely that the employees caught the virus at the base.

U.S. forces in Japan should hastily announce how the virus spread and clarify whether the Marines in question have the omicron variant.

The reason for the U.S. forces' refusal to conduct genome analysis in response to the prefectural government's request to do so is also unconvincing. They rejected the prefectural government's offer of cooperation on the grounds of protecting personal data, though there surely has to be some way of conducting the investigation without identifying individuals.

Both domestic and international reports indicate that the omicron variant is highly contagious and has a high reinfection risk. U.S. forces in Japan must conduct the necessary analysis and share this information with the prefectural government.

The U.S. Marine Corps based in Okinawa assert that they prioritize safety, that the activities of their personnel are restricted and there is absolutely no contact between people on the base and outside of it.

It is believed that this cluster of cases occurred after personnel who had arrived at Kadena Air Base were transported to Camp Hansen by U.S. military vehicles. Although there was a 14-day quarantine procedure in place, there are many details about the nature of these measures that remain unknown.

There are reports that personnel were able to move freely around the base after entering the country if they were fully vaccinated.

It was also revealed last month that a man associated with a U.S. Forces base who tested positive at the Narita Airport quarantine station was able to skip the quarantine period and board a commercial aircraft bound for Okinawa to return to a U.S. forces base.

The root of this problem is that when a person directly enters a U.S. forces base, Japanese authorities are unable to enforce any kind of quarantine due to the U.S.-Japan Status of Forces Agreement.

The Japanese government has strengthened its COVID-19 measures due to the rapid global spread of the omicron variant. In the Diet, Prime Minister Kishida Fumio stressed that “we should respond with the utmost caution to unknown risks.”

In contrast to this, Chief Cabinet Secretary Matsuno Hirokazu said in response to the recent cluster at the U.S. forces base, “Maintaining the readiness of U.S. Forces in Japan while preventing the spread of infection is an extremely important issue.”

What this statement fails to recognize is the increased risk for nearby citizens should infection spread within the base. The Japanese government needs to step up and proactively rectify this situation.


社説[米軍基地でクラスター]水際対策の穴をふさげ

米海兵隊基地キャンプ・ハンセンで、新型コロナウイルスの大規模なクラスター(感染者集団)が発生し、18日までに158人の感染が報告された。
 国内の感染状況が落ち着いている中で驚く規模のクラスターだ。
 同じキャンプ・ハンセンでは関係者から、新たな変異株「オミクロン株」の感染が相次いで確認されている。
 17日には日本人の男性従業員、18日には軍属の米国人女性と日本人の夫の感染確認が発表され、オミクロン株感染は計3人になった。
 この基地でいったい何が起きているのか。
 海兵隊員のクラスターと男性従業員らの感染との疫学的な関連は分かっていない。
 ただ、男性従業員に海外渡航歴はなく、感染した海兵隊員たちは米本国から今月初旬に到着したばかりだ。県が指摘するように「基地内で感染した可能性が高い」と言えよう。
 米軍は感染経路の解明を急ぎ、速やかに公表すべきだ。クラスターの海兵隊員らが感染しているのがオミクロン株かどうかも早急に調べてもらいたい。
 県の要請に対し米軍がゲノム解析に消極的なのは納得できない。県の協力申し出に個人情報保護を理由に断っているが、個人を特定せずに調査する方法はあるはずだ。
 オミクロン株は強い感染力や再感染の可能性の高さが国内外で報告されている。米軍は解析を実施し、県と情報を共有すべきだ。
■    ■
 在沖米海兵隊は「隊員は行動制限下に置かれており、基地外の地域住民との接触は一切ない」と安全性を強調する。
 今回集団感染が起きたのは米軍嘉手納基地に到着した部隊で、米軍車両などでハンセンに移動したとみられる。
 14日間の隔離措置が取られるといっても、どのような状況に置かれているのか実際の運用については分からないことが多い。
 ワクチンを2回接種済みであれば、入国直後から基地内を自由に移動できたとの情報もある。
 米軍関係者の入国を巡っては先月、成田空港の検疫所で陽性が確認された在沖米軍所属の男性が隔離されることなく沖縄行きの民間機に乗り、県内の米軍基地に戻っていたことが明らかになった。
 こうした問題の根本には米軍基地に直接入った場合、日米地位協定によって日本側の検疫が行えないことがある。■    ■
 政府はオミクロン株の世界的な急拡大を受け水際対策を強化している。岸田文雄首相も「未知のリスクに対して、慎重の上にも慎重に対応する」考えを国会で示した。
 一方で松野博一官房長官は今回のクラスター発生に対し「感染拡大を防止しつつ、在日米軍の即応性を維持することは極めて重要な課題」だと指摘した。
 基地内で感染が広がればフェンスを隔てて生活する県民の感染リスクも高まる、という認識に欠けた発言だ。日本政府も事態の改善に積極的に動くべきだ。
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