Why Is the ‘Queen of Stocks’ Stepping Down? The Pelosi Index and the PELOSI Act

Published in Yonhap News
(South Korea) on 11 November 2025
by Lee Seungwoo (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Ruthie Yarbrough. Edited by Laurence Bouvard.
Rep. Nancy Pelosi, an 85-year-old heavyweight in the U.S. Democratic Party, announced her retirement from politics. Pelosi made it official that she will not run in the next election and will conclude her term early next year. This marks the departure of a veteran politician who served as House speaker twice and, behind the scenes, exercised a great deal of influence. Pelosi was a prominent figure within the Democratic Party and firmly established in the deep-blue state of California. Alongside Hillary Clinton and the late Dianne Feinstein, she was a symbol of the party’s “feminine power.”

But Pelosi’s career was not entirely honorable. There was a darker side too. After living as an upper-class housewife, Pelosi threw herself into politics for nearly 40 years, long portraying herself as an advocate for the common folk and a “clean politician.” However, the reality of her career path seemed different from what she projected. During her time as a politician, she accumulated enormous wealth, repeatedly faced suspicion over questionable investments and also became embroiled in ethics scandals. Because of this, she has also been cited as a model of double standards. In universal terms, she is hypocritical. In slang terms, she is “the pot calling the kettle black.” Given that Pelosi is a career politician, nicknames like “political genius” or “expert negotiator” would probably suit her. Unfortunately, her nickname is “queen of stocks,” which is unrelated to her actual occupation.

After the unexpected news broke out that Pelosi would not be running for office again, media reports said that, during her 37 years as a representative, Pelosi and her husband earned over $130 million in stock profits. Converted into a rate of return, the profits amount to a whopping 16,930%. According to reports by local media, during the same period, the Dow Jones Industrial Average returned about 2,300%. Pelosi’s earnings would make even Warren Buffett, the legendary “Oracle of Omaha,” bow his head in respect. And thus, the term “Pelosi Portfolio” was coined. There are now even people who decide where to invest based on Pelosi’s stock holdings. Held under her husband’s name, the couple’s portfolio was concentrated in tech stocks, such as Nvidia, Alphabet and Apple. There are rumors that, just last year, their returns exceeded 50%, eclipsing those of large hedge funds.

An investment index dubbed the “Pelosi Index” and a financial product nicknamed the “Pelosi Exchange-Traded Fund” have even been created. Officially named the NANC ETF, the fund was created around the stock-disclosure reports of Democratic lawmakers and their families. However, in practice, it is mainly based on Pelosi and her husband’s investment choices and methods. As a matter of fact, the product has delivered higher return rates than even major indices like the S&P 500, exceeding customer expectations. The Pelosi family prefers options trading, and it has been said that, by exercising call options, they once bought 50,000 shares in Nvidia for a remarkably low price.

The real issue is that Pelosi is at the core of U.S. power, serving for many years as speaker of the House, which is the third-highest position in the U.S. political hierarchy. Suspicion of insider trading is an inevitable consequence of this. And of course, there are conflict-of-interest concerns as well. This is because Pelosi not only has deep insight into U.S. economic policies that shape the global economy and financial market, but she can also directly affect the legislation of these policies. Even if she remained silent and did nothing, Pelosi’s position would invite suspicion. Her long-term earnings of such high profits naturally drew even more scrutiny. Additionally, before the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors Act was passed, Pelosi and her husband traded large quantities of semiconductor-related stocks, sparking multiple accusations of insider trading.

Amid this controversy, the Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge Act of 2012 was enacted to prevent the use of information obtained from legislative activities for stock trading. However, it did not prevent individual trading and was considered to be a “toothless law.” Starting in the 2020s, several bills aimed at Pelosi that would strengthen regulations were introduced. A bill was even coined the PELOSI Act, short for the Preventing Elected Leaders from Owning Securities and Investments Act. The bill included provisions that would prevent lawmakers from trading individual stocks and require them to place their holdings in blind trusts. However, it seems that regardless of whether a country is developed, lawmakers are much the same. For unclear reasons, the legislation was continuously delayed and even renamed the Halting Ownership and Non-Ethical Stock Transactions Act, or the HONEST Act.

This makes the timing of Pelosi’s decision not to run in the next election curious. It could be in response to the recently increased likelihood of the bill passing in the Senate. If the bill is enacted, then Pelosi and her husband would unfortunately no longer be able to trade such large quantities of stocks. If Pelosi were to run in the next election, it is likely that she would still win. However, when faced with increasing her political influence or growing her wealth, she might have just chosen the latter. In a few months, Pelosi and her family will even be freed from the obligation of reporting their stock trades.

Interestingly, Pelosi’s retirement from the political world will be mourned by many people. The sighs will be particularly audible from retail investors who chased investments by tracking the Pelosi Portfolio and related indices. They will no longer be able to access the invaluable information obtained from the documents the Pelosi family made public. The NANC ETF, formerly the Pelosi ETF, will likely fall in popularity now that its primary appeal is gone. In South Korea, there have also been some instances in which politicians made questionable investments or used their power and position to grow wealth. If a country wants to be called democratic or developed, shouldn’t it at least have the ability to discern two-faced politicians at the polls?


미국 민주당 거물인 낸시 펠로시 하원의원(85)이 정계 은퇴를 선언했다. 다음 선거에 안 나가고 내년 초 임기를 마치겠다는 의사를 공식화한 것이다. 두 차례나 하원의장을 지내며 막전막후에서 미 정계에 엄청난 영향력을 행사해온 노정객의 퇴장이다. 그는 당내 유력 실세이자 민주당 텃밭인 캘리포니아의 터줏대감이었고, 힐러리 클린턴, 고(故) 다이앤 파인스타인과 함께 당나귀 '페미닌 파워'의 상징이었다.

영광만 있었던 건 아니다. 어두운 그림자도 있다. 상류층 주부로 살다 정계에 투신해 40년 가까이 현역으로 활동한 그는 '서민의 대변자', '깨끗한 정치인'을 자임해왔다. 그러나 실제 걸어온 길은 내세운 이미지와 달라 보였다. 정치권에 있는 동안 막대한 부를 축적했고 잊을 만하면 편법 투자 의혹을 일으켰으며, 비윤리적 스캔들에 휘말리기도 했다. 그런 탓에 '더블 스탠더드'(이중잣대)의 대표적 인물 중 하나로도 거론된다. 보편적 용어로 하면 '위선', 속어로는 '내로남불'이다. 직업 정치인이니 정치의 달인, 협상 귀재 같은 수식어가 어울릴 텐데, 애석하게도 그의 별명은 본업과 동떨어진 '주식의 여왕'이다.

갑작스러운 펠로시의 불출마 소식이 전해진 이후 그가 의원으로 재임한 37년간 남편과 함께 주식으로 1억3천만 달러(1천888억 원) 넘는 수익을 올렸다는 언론 보도가 나왔다. 이를 수익률로 환산하면 무려 1만6천930%에 달했는데, 같은 기간 다우존스 평균 수익률은 2천300%였다고 현지 매체들이 전했다. '오마하의 현인'으로 불리는 투자 귀재 워런 버핏도 고개를 숙일 정도다. 그래서 '펠로시 포트폴리오'라는 신조어가 생겼다. 펠로시가 투자하는 종목을 따라 투자처를 정하는 사람들이 생겼다. 남편 이름으로 거래하는 펠로시 부부의 포트폴리오는 엔비디아, 알파벳, 애플 등 기술주에 집중됐는데, 작년에도 수익률이 50%를 돌파해 대형 헤지펀드들도 압도했다는 후문이다.

심지어 '펠로시 지수'(Pelosi Index)라는 투자 지표가 생겼고, 나아가 '펠로시 ETF(상장지수펀드)'라는 금융상품도 나왔다. 공식 명칭은 민주당 소속 의원과 가족의 주식 신고 명세를 바탕으로 만든 'NANC ETF'인데, 실질적으론 펠로시 부부의 투자 내용과 방법 중심으로 종목을 구성한다. 실제로 이 상품은 S&P500 등 주요 지수보다 높은 수익률로 고객 기대에 보답해왔다. 펠로시 부부는 옵션거래를 선호하는데, 콜옵션 행사로 엔비디아 주식 5만 주를 엄청난 헐값에 사들인 적도 있다고 한다.

진짜 문제는 펠로시가 미국 권력 서열 3위인 하원의장을 오래 지낸 핵심 권력자란 대목이다. '내부자 거래' 의혹이 나올 수밖에 없다. 이해 충돌 문제도 당연히 제기된다. 세계 경제와 금융 시장을 좌우하는 미국의 경제 정책을 훤히 들여다볼 수 있는 데다 관련 정책의 입법에도 직접 영향을 미치는 인물이기 때문이다. 가만히 있어도 의심받을 자리인데, 고수익을 장기간 올렸으니 눈총을 받았다. 심지어 펠로시 부부는 반도체 산업 지원 법안(CHIPS Act)을 의결하기 전에 반도체 관련주를 대량 거래하는 등 여러 차례 내부자 거래 의혹을 받아왔다.

이런 논란 속에 2012년 의정활동에서 얻은 정보를 주식 거래에 활용 못 하게 한 법안(STOCK Act)이 제정됐으나 개별 거래는 금지하지 않은 '맹탕 법안'이었다. 결국 2020년대 들어 펠로시를 겨냥해 규제를 강화한 법안들이 여러 차례 발의됐다. 심지어 법안 별칭을 '펠로시법'(PELOSI Act)으로 할 정도였다. 의원들의 개별 주식 거래를 금지하고 백지신탁을 의무화하는 내용이 담겼다. 하지만 선진국이든 후진국이든 국회의원들은 비슷한가 보다. 석연찮은 이유로 입법은 계속 지연됐고, 별칭도 '정직한 법안(HONEST Act)'으로 바뀌었다.

그래서 펠로시의 이번 불출마 선언 타이밍은 묘하다. 이 법안이 상원에서 입법화될 가능성이 최근 들어 커졌기 때문이다. 법안이 시행되면 펠로시 부부는 저렇게 많은 주식을 '아깝게도' 거래할 수 없게 된다. 만약 펠로시가 차기 선거에 출마한다면 여전히 당선이 낙관적이지만, 정치권에서의 영향력 연장과 부의 증식, 두 갈래 길을 두고 후자를 택했을지 모른다. 몇 달 후부터 펠로시와 그의 가족들은 주식 거래 명세를 신고하는 의무에서조차 자유로워진다.

흥미로운 건 펠로시의 정계 은퇴를 많은 이들이 아쉬워한다는 점이다. 특히 펠로시 포트폴리오와 지수를 추종하며 추격 투자를 했던 개미들의 탄식이 들린다. 이들은 펠로시 부부가 공개해온 자료에서 얻었던 알짜 정보를 더는 접할 수 없게 된다. 펠로시 ETF로 불렸던 NANC ETF 역시 알맹이가 사라지니 인기가 떨어질 듯하다. 우리나라도 가끔 정치인들이 편법 투자를 하거나 권력과 자리를 악용해 부의 증식을 시도하는 사례들이 있었다. 적어도 민주국가니, 선진국이니 하는 나라로 불리고 싶다면, 선거에서 그런 위선적 정치인들을 가려낼 눈 정도는 가져야 하지 않을까.
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