50 Years of Embargo

Published in La Vanguardia
(Spain) on 8 February 2012
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Soledad Gómez. Edited by Jenette Axelrod.
The U.S economic, commercial and financial embargo against Cuba has now been in force for 50 years, decreed in 1962 by President John F. Kennedy in response to the nationalization of American companies by Fidel Castro. Nonetheless, the longest commercial blockade in modern history has not only had effects on the democratization of the Cuban regime but it has also consolidated it.

The pressure of the anti-Castro Cuban lobby in Florida, whose votes are vital in this southern state, has been the element that unchained the controversial embargo that has gone through several circumstances. From the passing of the Helms-Burton Act in 1996 that prohibits all commercial transactions between Cuba and U.S citizens, to the prohibition in 1999 of such transactions on behalf of American affiliates abroad. A criticized blockade, since it does not only affect directly the basic needs of Cubans (food, health products, etc.), but it is also detrimental to the possibilities of the internal political evolution of the regime. Spain knows from experience that dictatorships are strengthened before a foreign enemy. It is time to revise a strategy that, half a century later, is anachronistic and counterproductive.


50 años de embargo

SE cumple estos días medio siglo del embargo comercial, económico y financiero de Estados Unidos a Cuba, decretado en 1962 como respuesta de Washington a la nacionalización de empresas norteamericanas por Fidel Castro. Pero el bloqueo comercial más largo de la historia contemporánea no sólo no ha tenido efectos para la democratización del régimen cubano, sino que lo ha consolidado.

La presión del lobby cubano anticastrista de Florida, cuyos votos son vitales en este estado sureño, ha sido el elemento desencadenador del polémico embargo, que ha pasado por diversas circunstancias. Desde la aprobación de la ley Helms-Burton, en 1996, que prohíbe toda transacción comercial con la isla caribeña por parte de ciudadanos estadounidenses, hasta la prohibición en 1999 de estas transacciones por parte de las filiales norteamericanas en el extranjero. Un bloqueo criticado, pues no sólo afecta directamente a necesidades vitales de los cubanos (alimentos, productos sanitarios, etcétera), sino que perjudica las posibilidades de evolución política del régimen desde el interior. Los españoles saben por experiencia que las dictaduras se fortalecen ante un enemigo exterior. Es hora de revisar una estrategia que, medio siglo después, es tan anacrónica como contraproducente.
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