The Temptation of Protectionism

Published in Le Temps
(Switzerland) on 2 February 2009
by Frédéric Lelièvre (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Merl Storr. Edited by .
The crisis is global and serious – very serious. The experts, bosses and politicians, whose meeting in Davos ended on Sunday, did at least all agree on that much. Hope for a rapid recovery in the wake of the “Obama effect” has proved to be short-lived. The last remaining optimists (foolish or otherwise) finally lost their case on Friday with the announcement that the American economy had contracted by 3.8% at the end of 2008.

The global crisis is and continues to worsen. The financial sector, where the storm first hit, continues to suffer after more than 18 months of hell. There are growing waves of job losses.

However, there is some good news. Known remedies do exist. The World Economic Forum at Davos has managed to encapsulate them, if nothing else: there must be coordinated international action to stabilize the financial sector and stimulate consumption. In addition, there must be a commitment to support the business sector. World trade is the answer to development and economic growth – not forgetting its role in world peace.

But unfortunately the barriers are already being erected. London, Brussels and Washington are even now giving way to the demands of pressure groups and demonstrators.

The emerging countries are worried. The flow of capital into the South is already starting to run dry, and it is going to become more difficult for them to access the markets of the North.

Speaking at Davos, the Brazilian minister for foreign affairs warned that protectionism in 1929 had tipped a recession into a depression. At that time the beneficial effects of commerce were perhaps unknown. That is no longer the case today. The temptation to protectionism must be resisted. The commitments made at Davos must be honoured, particularly at the G20.


La crise est mondiale et grave. Très grave. Experts, patrons et politiques réunis à Davos jusqu’à ce dimanche se sont au moins mis d’accord sur ce constat. L’espoir d’un retournement rapide grâce à l’effet Obama, pour ceux qui y croyaient, a fait long feu. Les derniers optimistes (naïfs?) ont perdu tout argument vendredi après l’annonce de la contraction de 3,8% de l’économie américaine fin 2008.

La crise est mondiale et elle continue de s’aggraver. La finance, à l’origine de l’ouragan, continue de souffrir après plus de dix-huit mois de descente aux enfers. Les vagues de licenciements grossissent.

Il y a pourtant une bonne nouvelle. Les remèdes existent, et ils sont connus. Le Forum de Davos aura au moins servi à les résumer: entreprendre des actions publiques internationales coordonnées pour stabiliser la finance, et relancer la consommation. S’y ajoute un engagement à soutenir le commerce. Les échanges dans le monde expliquent l’essentiel du développement et de l’enrichissement des économies. Sans oublier qu’ils sont aussi facteurs de paix.

Hélas, les barrières se lèvent déjà. Londres, Bruxelles et Washington sont en train de céder aux appels des lobbies et de la rue.

Les pays émergents s’en inquiètent. Les flux de capitaux vers le Sud se tarissent déjà et les accès aux marchés du Nord vont se durcir.

En 1929, a averti à Davos le ministre brésilien des Affaires étrangères, le protectionnisme avait fait basculer la récession en dépression. A l’époque peut-être ignorait-on les bienfaits du commerce. Ce n’est plus le cas aujourd’hui. Il faut résister à cette tentation protectionniste. Les engagements pris à Davos doivent être honorés, au G20 en particulier.
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