New York District Judge Thomas Griesa’s recent ruling upheld both law and common sense: debts, freely entered into, must be paid. The Argentine government, after the biggest payment reductions in human history, agreed with, and in fact almost forced, certain bondholders to exchange old bolds for new, less valuable ones. But bondholders that didn't agree with the government’s actions took the case to New York, demanding full payment. Griesa ruled in their favor in a decision that, for now, has been appealed and suspended.
In its decision, the court stated that “the Argentine government should back away from these ill-advised threats to defy the current court rulings, and that any defiance of the rulings of the courts would not only be illegal but would represent the worst kind of irresponsibility in dealing with the judiciary." Most of Argentina's leaders expressed displeasure with the ruling without providing substantial reasons, relying instead on the politically correct stance of statism. What is certain is that disrespect of judicial power is part of Argentine national culture.
Hidden beneath the surface is the fact that, due to poor economic performance, nations like Argentina do not have the money to pay their debts. Instead they must liquidate assets, which will actually prove beneficial because doing so will slim down the huge, tax-funded state apparatus. Governments should stop implementing absurdities that destroy the market, like Spain’s tax increase of around $11 billion in 2013, or the rescue of the Spanish bank Bankia that probably consumed more than $30 billion, while the Spanish government dedicates, annually, $4 billion to education and $3 billion to health.
Hopefully the U.S. justice system will reaffirm the Griesa ruling in the end. The alternative would set a bizarre, unimaginable precedent: a world without credit, in which one can choose not to repay a loan. Or perhaps some credit would remain but, given the risk, at a rate which would exceed the cost of the unpaid debt. So, contrary to popular belief, Argentina benefits from the Griesa ruling, or will benefit if the ruling is upheld.
If the Griesa ruling is not picked up again, Argentine statism will ensure that the economy goes astray in the long run. In 1978, Argentina’s GNP exceeded that of Brazil; today it is a quarter of Brazil’s. In 1991, the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange had a market cap equal to 58 percent of its Brazilian equivalent; in 2012 it is at 3 percent. In sum, this is nothing more than another chapter in the Argentine debacle.
El Juez neoyorkino Thomas Griesa no hizo otra cosa que ajustarse a derecho, y al sentido común: las deudas deben pagarse, si se contraen libremente. Sucede que el gobierno argentino, luego de la cesación de pagos más grande de la historia humana, acordó (casi forzó) con algunos tenedores de sus bonos pagarles mucho menos. Pero quienes no acordaron exigieron, ante la justicia de Nueva York, el pago de la totalidad. Y Griesa les dio la razón en un fallo que, por el momento, ha sido apelado y suspendido.
El juez señaló que el "gobierno argentino...debe alejarse de estas imprudentes amenazas de desafiar los fallos de los tribunales, lo cual representa la peor clase de irresponsabilidad en el trato con el poder judicial". Pero la gran mayorÃa de los dirigentes se manifestaron del modo polÃticamente correcto (el estatismo), con argumentos exóticos. Lo cierto es que no respetar al poder judicial es parte del folklore nacional, del gobierno que le niega independencia y de los "astutos".
Lo que se esconde es que, debido a la mala perfomance económica, los Estados como el argentino no tienen el dinero para pagar. Entonces, deberÃan liquidar bienes -que los tienen por demás-, lo que resultarÃa bueno para los paÃses ya que se achicarÃa el enorme aparato estatal financiado por vÃa impositiva. Y que los gobiernos deben dejar de implementar disparates, que destrozan al mercado, como la subida de impuestos en España por unos US$ 11.000 millones en 2013, el rescate al banco español Bankia que insumirÃa más de US$ 30.000 millones mientras que este mismo gobierno español dedica, anualmente, a educación unos US$ 4.000 millones y 3.000 millones a sanidad.
Si por presiones polÃticas de la Casa Blanca (preocupada por sus socios europeos), el fallo de Griesa no fuera retomado, a la larga el estatismo argentino se encargará de que la economÃa vaya por el mal camino. En fin, esto no es más que otra suma a la debacle de Argentina cuyo PIB, en 1978, era superior al brasilero y hoy es 4 veces menor. En 1991, la Bolsa de Buenos Aires (Merval) tenÃa un market cap igual al 58% de la bolsa de Brasil (Bovespa), en 2012 es del 3%.
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[A] weak yen and rising interest rates have continued even further, with the primary cause being the increase in crude oil prices due to U.S. attacks on Iran.