The United States Presidential Election: From 1 Peril to Another

Published in La Croix
(France) on 30 July 2020
by Jérôme Chapuis (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Peyton Reynolds. Edited by Olivia Parker.
Representatives defying social distancing measures. Masks that have become signs of political affiliation. In the United States, the fight against COVID-19 has been seriously crippled by the poor quality of public debate, with disastrous consequences already materializing. Like a chain reaction, the virus is disrupting American democracy to the point of prompting concern about the upcoming presidential election running smoothly. Donald Trump’s latest tweet on Thursday, July 30, envisioning an outright delay of the Nov. 3 election, is the most recent example of such chaos.

It was already acknowledged that the 2020 campaign would be, in the words of Joe Biden, "the most unusual campaign in modern history." Biden, like Trump, had to back out of an in-person gathering for his party’s convention. For almost two centuries, these gatherings have proven to be important moments in the American presidential race. Without meetings, and without canvassing, the campaigns will have to take place exclusively on screens, particularly on social media, where there are known risks of manipulation. But it gets worse.

Now, beyond just the campaign, it is the legitimacy of the election itself that is being challenged. Trump is blaming mail-in voting, a source of fraud in his eyes, as several states plan to use this method due to the pandemic. He already publicly declared he would not accept a possible defeat, which was just another bluff designed to mobilize the voters who are receptive to his outrageousness. Still, the last four years have taught everyone to take his caprices seriously. By instilling the virus of defiance in the middle of the election season, the American president risks adding another peril to the health and economic crises: a political one.


Des élus qui bravent les mesures de confinement. Des masques devenus signes d’affiliation politique. Aux États-Unis plus qu’ailleurs, la lutte contre le coronavirus a été lourdement pénalisée par la piètre qualité du débat public, avec les conséquences désastreuses que l’on sait. Phénomène miroir, le virus perturbe la vie démocratique américaine, au point de susciter l’inquiétude sur le bon déroulement de la prochaine présidentielle. Le dernier tweet de Donald Trump, jeudi 30 juillet, envisageant un report pur et simple de l’élection du 3 novembre en est une nouvelle illustration.

Il était déjà acquis que la campagne 2020 serait « la plus étrange de l’histoire moderne », selon les mots de Joe Biden. Le démocrate, tout comme le candidat sortant, a dû renoncer à réunir physiquement la convention de son parti. Depuis près de deux siècles, ces rassemblements constituent des moments forts de la bataille électorale américaine. Sans meetings, sans porte-à-porte, le travail de conviction passera exclusivement par les écrans et notamment les réseaux sociaux dont on connaît les risques de manipulation. Mais il y a plus grave.

Au-delà de la campagne, c’est maintenant la légitimité même du scrutin qui est attaquée. Donald Trump met en cause le vote par correspondance, source de fraude selon lui, alors que de nombreux États ont prévu d’y recourir à cause de la pandémie. Il avait déjà envisagé publiquement de ne pas reconnaître une éventuelle défaite. On peut n’y voir qu’une bravade de plus, destinée à mobiliser un électorat sensible à ses outrances. Mais les quatre années écoulées incitent à considérer ses foucades avec sérieux. En instillant le virus de la défiance au cœur de l’élection, le président américain prend le risque d’ajouter aux périls sanitaire et économique un péril politique.
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