Why Are American Police Vehicles Not Equipped with Bulletproof Glass?

Published in China Times
(Taiwan) on 26 April 2016
by Anderson Chuang (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Anthony Chantavy. Edited by Kevin Uy.
Perhaps everyone's impression of American police officers is like that of American TV characters: They are paragons of justice. On top of that, guns are legal in several places in the U.S., so the number of armed civilians needs no further discussion. To protect police officers, you would think that police cars would have bulletproof glass and other protective installments, but they don't. Do you know why?

In the manual of U.S. police tactics, police car engines or wheels are used as bunkers. Therefore, in a gunfight, U.S. police usually treat the front of the car as a danger zone, allowing enough engine space to resist danger. Then, what is the best bulletproof material to apply on a police vehicle? According to officer Christopher Hawk, "'bulletproof’ doesn't exist until you begin talking about thick steel or exotic Kevlar/ceramic/plastic blends. The best you can usually hope for is bullet resistant, and just for common handgun rounds."

Currently, the most common bulletproof material is Kevlar, but bullets from automatic rifles or other heavy-duty machine guns can still penetrate it easily. In this situation, all you can do is add a steel or ceramic plate, but that is an even bigger burden. As for the vehicle, you could try applying one or two sheets to the doors, but what about the windows? Bulletproof glass? It is too heavy and expensive for the design of police cars. Low-level bulletproof glass is more than an inch thick, so if installed, the entire car needs to be rebuilt. Even after installment, you would lose operability of the windows. Because bulletproof glass would be fixed onto the car doors, it would sacrifice the flexibility of the windows' basic daily functions, not to mention opening the windows to shoot.

You also need to consider costs. Several police departments struggle with their budgets, and some units even lack the necessary funds to purchase standard police cars, not to mention bulletproofing. So, what is the best bulletproof material to apply on a police vehicle? It is lightweight, cheap, highly effective against traditional handgun, rifle, and machine gun bullets and can be adapted to the body, car door, and car window. In other words, it doesn't exist.


或許大家印象中的美國員警就像許多美劇當中的人物形象一樣,是個正義的化身,再加上美國許多地方是擁有槍枝合法的,因此擁槍民眾數量自然不在話下,為了保護員警自己的人生安危,你可能會認為美國的警車一定會有加裝防彈玻璃等防衛機制,但事實卻不是如此,你知道為什麼嗎?

美國員警戰術手冊中,是以車發動機或者輪圈作為掩體的。所以,發生槍戰時,美國員警通常會選擇將車頭側對危險區域。使得有足夠的發動機空間用以抵禦危險。那麼什麼防彈材料最適用於警車呢?美國的資深警員Christopher Hawk這麼說:徹底的「防彈」是不存在的。但如果你說的是厚鋼板,或者神奇的特殊材料混紡纖維就另當別論了,即便如此,它們可能也只能抵禦常見槍械的子彈。

目前普遍使用的防彈衣使用的是「Kevlar」這種材料,但是自動步槍或其它類型的重型機槍的子彈仍然可以輕易穿透它,面對這種情況,你不得不加鋼板或陶瓷板,可是同時你的負重又增加了。對於車輛來說,你可以嘗試把防彈插片加個一兩層在門板上,那窗戶又怎麼辦呢?防彈玻璃嗎?又重又貴,不適用於警車的設計中。低等級的防彈玻璃都超過一吋厚,安裝的話,整車必須大改。並且安裝後,你將失去對車窗的操控性。因為防彈玻璃是固定在車門上的,這對於主要用於日常警務的警車來說,失去對車窗的靈活操控,將不利於基本的日常工作,更別說車窗脫困,倚窗射擊了。

你還必須考慮成本,多數部門每天都在為了爭取每一分預算做鬥爭,一些單位甚至沒有足夠的錢來購置常規警車,更別提給車添加防彈材料這種事了。所以,什麼樣防彈材料才是適合警車的呢?就是一種又輕巧又便宜,防彈性能高的,能抵禦所有傳統手槍,步槍,機槍子彈的,能適配於身體,車門,車窗的材料。換句話說,它並不存在。
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