The United Nations Is Not the United States’ Private Political Tool

Published in Huanqiu
(China) on 12 September 2020
by Ruipeng Mao (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Jaime Cantwell. Edited by Jamye Sharp.
As the international community strives to coordinate the efforts of all parties to fight the COVID-19 pandemic through the United Nations and other relevant agencies, and has devoted itself to reviving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the United States has still been narrowly focused on dominating the U.N. and even using the U.N. system to attack countries that it regards as “rivals.”

This can be seen through the remarks made by U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Kelly Craft, on Sept. 10. In a video conversation with U.S. Republican Sen. Marsha Blackburn, Craft stated that the United Nations system, especially the United Nations Secretariat, is a “battlefield”* that the U.S. must win. She stated that in order to suppress China’s influence on the United Nations, it is necessary to ensure that more Americans and like-minded countries enter the U.N. system, and the number of Americans in the U.N. Secretariat is “unbalanced.”* She indicated that she would take every opportunity to attack China through the U.N. Security Council, regardless of the issue at hand.

Craft’s remarks show that the U.S. government regards the U.N. as its own personal political tool, which once again reflects the Trump administration’s negative position on international organizations and multilateralism. With regard to this, we should consider three aspects: How should the U.N. be reformed? What is the impact of the destructive actions of the U.s. on the U.N.? What kind of U.S.–China relationship should be established within the U.N.?

First, the U.N. belongs to the people of the world, and is not the U.S.’ private “tool.” The year 2020 marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of the U.N. Seventy-five years ago, when the world’s antifascist war had just ended, countries around the world joined hands in creating an international order with the United Nations based on the fundamental principles of the United Nations Charter. Under the leadership of the U.N., the international community has made unprecedented progress in peace, development, human rights and other areas. For this reason, every country should cherish and protect its right to participate in the U.N.

Craft declared injustice in the “unbalanced” number of Americans and “like-minded countries” in the U.N., meaning that the number of staff members from China and other developing countries is too large. What we need to ask here is: to developing nations, including China, are there too many or too few staff members from developing nations in the U.N.?

As of Dec. 31, 2019, Chinese personnel only accounts for 1.17% of the U.N. system, which is not only lower than the U.S.’ 4.79%, but also far lower than the average of the G-7 countries, according to data released by the U.N. System Chief Executives Board for Coordination. Except for a few countries at the center of peacekeeping missions such as Sudan and Congo, most developing countries have a severe lack of representation in the U.N. The U.N. indeed needs reform, but it should regard multiculturalism and the increased representation of developing countries as its main direction. It should not be like Craft described — expanding the U.S. and Western countries’ absolute advantage in the U.N.

Second, the Trump administration stands against every other nation and is the most destructive force against multilateralism. The modern world is facing increasingly severe global challenges such as climate change, food security and the spread of infectious diseases, all of which urgently require the coordination of the international community. However, just as U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said, when the world needs multilateral support most, multilateralism has taken a serious hit. The Trump administration has pursued a narrow range of interests, and has taken a “you’re either with us, or against us” policy against multilateral organizations. Since 2017, the U.S. has terminated or substantially reduced its funding to the U.N. Refugee Relief and Works Agency, the U.N. Population Fund, the Green Climate Fund and the Office of Counter-Terrorism, as well as other institutions. It has also withdrawn from a number of multilateral institutions and agreements, such as UNESCO, the Human Rights Council, the World Health Organization, the Paris Agreement, the Global Migration Compact and the Iran Nuclear Agreement. In addition, the U.S. has obstructed the appointment of new Appellate Body members of the World Trade Organization, causing stagnation in the process.

This rejection of multilateralism and belittling of international organizations’ policies has severely obstructed the use of multilateral organizations and weakened the international community’s ability and willpower to fight global crises through international cooperation. What the U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. should be doing is reflecting on the actions of the U.S. under the “America First” policy and how much harm it has done to the whole world.

To reiterate, the Trump administration’s defamation and suppression of China has severely impacted the political atmosphere of the U.N. The U.S. and China are both permanent members of the U.N. Security Council, thus maintaining healthy and stable U.S.–China relations is of the utmost importance to the United Nations. In recent years, however, the Trump administration has repeatedly exaggerated the strategic competition among world powers and has made multilateral areas a priority in suppressing China and other emerging nations. In the United Nations, the U.S. has taken the lead in resisting China’s concept of win-win cooperation and has attacked China’s necessary actions to protect its national security and social stability. The international community has already expressed concern and dissatisfaction about this. Craft using every opportunity to attack China is an irresponsible practice that is bound to aggravate confrontation within the U.N., and may even trap the U.N. in a difficult situation.

The U.N. is not the U.S.’ private political tool. The U.S. government cannot ignore the international community’s pursuit of world peace, stability and development. On the 75th anniversary of the founding of the U.N., the international community should unite and take a clear stance against the unilateralism and power politics of the U.S. and jointly safeguard the multilateral international order.

The author is an associate research fellow at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies.

*Editor’s note: Although accurately translated, the quoted remarks could not be independently sourced.


就在国际社会竭力通过联合国及其相关机构协调各方力量应对新冠肺炎疫情、致力于恢复受到严重破坏的“2030年可持续发展议程”之际,美国仍在狭隘地将注意力放在寻求支配联合国,甚至利用联合国系统打击被它视为“竞争对手”的国家。

这从美国常驻联合国代表凯莉·克拉夫特10日的言论可见一斑。在当天同美国共和党籍参议员玛莎·布莱克伯恩的一场视频对话中,克拉夫特将联合国系统、特别是联合国秘书处作为美国志在必得的“战场”。她称,为了打压中国在联合国的影响力,必须确保更多美国人和志同道合的国家进入联合国系统;美国在联合国秘书处中的人数不够多,“是失衡的”。她还表示,将会利用一切机会在安理会攻击中国,“不论所涉及的是什么议题”。

克拉夫特女士这番言论,表明美国政府把联合国当成了服务其狭隘国家利益的政治私器,再次反映了特朗普政府对待国际组织和多边主义的消极立场。对此我们应思考三方面问题:联合国到底该如何改革?美方破坏性行动对联合国产生了什么影响?中美在联合国应建立何种关系?

首先,联合国属于世界各国人民,而不是美国一家的“工具”。今年是联合国成立75周年。75年前,在世界反法西斯战争的硝烟刚刚散去之际,世界各国携手创建了以联合国为核心的国际秩序,以及以《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则为基础的国际秩序。在联合国的协调和领导下,国际社会在和平、发展、人权等诸多领域取得前所未有的进步。正因如此,世界各国更应珍惜和维护自身参与联合国建设的权利。

克拉夫特女士为美国及其所谓“志同道合国家”在联合国的职员数“失衡”打抱不平。其言下之意是,中国等发展中国家在联合国的职员数太多了。但我们首先需要搞清楚的是,对于包括中国在内的广大发展中国家而言,在联合国的职员数究竟是太多还是太少?

根据联合国系统行政首长协调理事会(CEB)公布的数据,截至2019年12月31日,中国在联合国系统的职员数占比仅为1.17%,不仅远低于美国的4.79%,也远低于美、英、法、德、意、日、加“七国集团”的平均水平2.60%。除苏丹、刚果等少数处于联合国维和任务中心的国家外,绝大多数发展中国家在联合国的代表性严重不足。联合国确实需要一定改革,但应将增强文化多样性、提升发展中国家代表性作为方向,而非像克拉夫特女士说的那样,进一步扩大美国及西方国家在联合国的绝对优势。

其次,特朗普政府站在了世界各国的对立面,是多边主义的最大破坏者。当今世界正面临日益严峻的全球性挑战,比如气候变化、粮食安全、严重传染性疾病等,都迫切需要国际社会合力应对。但恰如联合国秘书长古特雷斯所言,正当世界最需要多边主义的时候,多边主义却遭到冲击。特朗普政府奉行狭隘的利益观,对多边机制采取“合则用、不合则弃”的单边主义政策。2017年以来,美国终止或大幅削减对联合国难民救济及工程局、联合国人口基金会、绿色气候基金、联合国反恐办公室等机构的资助,并先后宣布退出教科文组织、人权理事会、世界卫生组织及《巴黎协定》《全球移民契约》、伊朗核协议等多边机构和协定。另外,美国还阻挠世贸组织上诉机构新法官甄选程序,致其陷入瘫痪状态。

这种拒绝多边主义和轻视国际组织的政策,严重阻碍了多边机制作用的发挥,极大削弱了国际社会通过国际合作应对全球性危机的能力和意愿。美国常驻联合国代表应该做的是去反思,美方在“美国优先”大旗下的所作所为,对联合国乃至整个世界造成了多大伤害?

再次,特朗普政府对中国的肆意抹黑和打压严重恶化了联合国的政治氛围。中美同是联合国安理会常任理事国,保持健康、稳定的中美关系对于联合国发挥作用意义重大。但近年来,特朗普政府一再渲染大国战略竞争,并把多边领域作为打压和遏制中国等新兴国家的重点之一。在联合国,美国带头抵制中国倡导的合作共赢等理念,攻击中国为维护国家安全和社会稳定而采取的必要行动。国际社会对此已经明确表达担忧和不满。克拉夫特女士称将“利用一切机会”在安理会攻击中国,这一不负责任的做法势必加剧联合国内部的对抗色彩,甚至导致联合国陷入难以作为的境地。

联合国不是美国的政治私器,美国政府不能罔顾国际社会对世界和平稳定发展的期待和追求。在联合国迎来成立75周年之际,国际社会应当团结起来,旗帜鲜明地反对美方的单边主义和强权政治做法,共同维护多边主义国际秩序。(作者是上海国际问题研究院副研究员)
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