The Resurgence of Soft Skills

Published in El Colombiano
(Colombia) on 27 February 2021
by Sara Berbel Sánchez (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Tom Walker. Edited by Patricia Simoni.
Barack Obama was interviewed a few days ago by journalist Javier del Pino. On being asked about the huge following that a figure like Donald Trump has attracted, Obama answered that in times of uncertainty and fear, people are attracted to the Strong Man. The former U.S. president concluded that as a consequence, it is necessary to alleviate that fear and resentment on the part of the people so that a democratic, egalitarian and participatory society can triumph. If alternatives are not offered, then we will have the appearance of presidents like Trump and scenarios contrary to progressive democratic order, as occurred recently in the U.S. with the assault on the Capitol in Washington.

I am fascinated by that negative connotation of “the Strong Man,” associated with the emergence of undemocratic regimes and authoritarian leaders. For that reason, an affirmation like the one Obama made is very courageous. Look at which camp he placed himself in when he made this affirmation, a man who was the president of the major world power: he is positioning himself without the slightest doubt on the side of men who are “not strong,” who exhibit a different masculinity, much closer to that which has traditionally been considered feminine. And in addition, this new style of leadership is associated with democracy, equality, participation … everything that is fundamental to those who champion progress.

Studies in social psychology show that complex crises can only be addressed by complex responses. And already research has emerged that indicates the best style of leadership is one that promotes cross-cutting, multisectoral and interinstitutional teams and actions. Many of these leadership styles are shown in the world by women: Jacinda Ardern of the New Zealand Labour Party, or Social Democrat Sanna Marin in Finland.

Differences in socialization between men and women are often associated with a greater frequency of hard skills among men and soft skills among women. If you give a document about economics to a group of people and ask them who wrote it, the majority will say it was written by a man. In contrast, if a text about sociology or linguistics is given to the group, the majority will believe that it was written by a woman. And this variability in assignment by gender also carries with it a variability in the value given to the work. Until very recently, the hard skills have been highly regarded, while the soft skills have been maligned and underappreciated.

This crisis confirms that the skills required to get around crises and complex situations are not the hard skills, but the so-called soft skills, which are often stressed by women leaders. And in addition, these are the skills that foster participatory, egalitarian and democratic societies.


El resurgir de las habilidades blandas

Barack Obama fue entrevistado por el periodista Javier del Pino hace unos días y, al ser preguntado por el enorme seguimiento que un personaje como Trump lograba, respondió que, en épocas de incertidumbre y miedo, aparece la atracción hacia los hombres fuertes. En consecuencia, el expresidente de Estados Unidos concluía que hay que aliviar esos temores y resentimientos de parte de la población para que triunfen la democracia, la igualdad y la participación. Si no se ofrecen alternativas, aparecen presidentes como Trump y escenarios contrarios al orden democrático progresista, como recientemente pasó en su país con el asalto al Capitolio en Washington.

Me resultó fascinante esa connotación negativa de “hombre fuerte”, ligada a la aparición de regímenes poco democráticos y líderes autoritarios. Por eso una afirmación como la que hace Obama es tan valiente. Fíjense en qué bando se ubica él cuando la pronuncia, un hombre que ha sido el presidente de la mayor potencia mundial: se coloca sin la menor duda en el lado de los hombres “no fuertes”, el de los hombres que ostentan una masculinidad diferente, mucho más cercana a la que tradicionalmente se ha considerado femenina. Y además asocia a ese nuevo estilo de liderazgo la democracia, la igualdad, la participación... todo aquello que es nuclear para quienes defendemos el progreso.

Lo que muestran los estudios de Psicología Social es que solo respuestas complejas pueden abordar crisis complejas. Y ya han aparecido investigaciones que señalan el mejor estilo de liderazgo como aquel que ha promovido equipos y actuaciones transversales, multisectoriales e interinstitucionales. Muchos de esos liderazgos han sido ostentados por mujeres en el mundo: la laborista Jacinda Ardern, en Nueva Zelanda o la socialdemócrata Sanna Marin en Finlandia.

La socialización diferencial entre hombres y mujeres suele llevar aparejada una mayor frecuencia de habilidades duras entre hombres y blandas entre mujeres. Si ustedes distribuyen un texto económico a un grupo de personas y les pregunta quién lo ha escrito, la mayoría se decantará por la autoría masculina. En cambio, si ofrecen la lectura de un texto sociológico o lingüístico, se considerará mayoritariamente que ha sido escrito por una mujer, y esta diferente adscripción por género conlleva también una diferente valoración. Las habilidades duras han estado muy bien consideradas hasta hace poco, mientras que las blandas eran denostadas y minusvaloradas.

La crisis confirma que las habilidades imprescindibles para sortear crisis y situaciones complejas son las llamadas blandas, y no las duras, en las que con frecuencia destacan las mujeres líderes. Y son, además, las que promoverán sociedades participativas, igualitarias y democráticas.

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