Connections to Sewer Must Be Disconnected after Chemical Release by US Forces

Published in Ryukyu Shimpo
(Japan) on 27 August 2021
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by D Baker. Edited by Patricia Simoni.
On Aug. 26, U.S. Forces stationed in Japan began releasing contaminated water containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) stored at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma into the public sewer system after subjecting it to dilution measures. Despite the prefectural government and city of Ginowan objecting to the plan, it was unilaterally decided that the water would be released. The decision ignores both the safety of citizens in the prefecture and the impact on the environment.

The same toxic substances that cannot be released into the sewer system in Japan by law are being released into the public infrastructure without consent. This is not just a problem for Okinawa; it is a grave matter that concerns the sovereignty of a nation. We should not permit extraterritorial rights. The Japanese government must protest in the strongest terms to the United States and put a stop to the release of these chemicals immediately.

Under sewerage law, the administrator is able to enforce a temporary suspension of the disposal citing water quality conservation. If U.S. forces do not stop the release of the water and enter into dialogue with the Japanese side, authorities must consider severing the connection to the sewer system to protect the lives and health of citizens in the prefecture.

Under normal circumstances, contaminated water containing PFAS is incinerated as waste. The Ministry of the Environment and the Fire and Disaster Management Agency have called for businesses to dispose of fire extinguishing foam containing PFAS in accordance with the Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law.

In this case, however, the U.S. Marine Corps claimed that incineration would be costly and time consuming, and instead proposed that they release the water into the public sewer system outside Futenma after diluting the concentration of the contaminated water with processing equipment used in the United States. It is an attitude that prioritizes the United States' cost convenience and insists U.S. forces be exempt from Japanese environmental laws.

PFAS are carcinogenic and known to have adverse health effects. They accumulate in the environment with little decomposition. In July, the Ginowan city assembly unanimously passed a resolution and opinion paper opposing the release of the contaminated water into the public sewer system and rivers.

Discussions concerning disposal methods have continued between U.S. forces, the government and Okinawa Prefecture, while the Japanese government has remained incredibly cautious. The most recent release of contaminated water was forced through without any agreement with Japanese authorities, something that is very out of the ordinary.

U.S. forces insist that the amount of PFOS and PFOA, types of PFAS, in the treated water was lower than the target for drinking water in Japan (50 nanograms per liter). The problem is that the country and prefecture have no secure way of confirming whether or not the way the U.S. forces treated the water before it was released was appropriate before that standard level was established.

Even basic information, such as the amount of contaminated water that was being stored, was not communicated to Japanese authorities until the water was released. The discharge of large amounts of contaminated water results in large amounts of accumulated waste, regardless of whether the concentration per liter is reduced. It is simply not possible to approve of this kind of disposal when the fundamental information is a mystery, no matter how much the U.S. forces stress the importance of safety.

The Japanese government bears the utility costs of U.S. military bases in Japan through the cost of host nation support for U.S. forces in Japan (otherwise known as the Omoiyari Yosan, or sympathy budget). Will our taxes be used to pay for this outrageous act of environmental pollution?

U.S. forces should take responsibility and send the PFAS contaminated water to the United States, where it can processed at America's own expense.


<社説>米軍PFAS放出 下水への接続を切断せよ


在沖米海兵隊は26日、普天間飛行場に貯蔵していた有機フッ素化合物(PFAS)を含む汚染水について、濃度を低減処理した上で公共下水道への排出を始めた。県や宜野湾市が放出計画に反対する中で、一方的に排出開始を通告した。県民の安全や環境をないがしろにする行為だ。
 日本国内の法令では下水道への排出を想定していない有害物質を、合意もなく公共インフラに流し込む。決して沖縄だけの問題ではない。国家の主権に関わる重大事態だ。治外法権を許してはならない。日本政府は米国に厳しく抗議し、放出を直ちに中止させるべきだ。
 下水道法では水質保全の観点から、管理者は排出の一時停止を命じることができる。米軍が排出を止めて日本側との協議に応じないのならば、県民の命と健康を守るため下水への接続を切断することも念頭に置いて対処すべきだ。
 本来は、PFASを含む汚染水は廃棄物として焼却処分する。環境省や消防庁は、PFASを含む泡消火剤は廃棄物処理法に基づき処理するよう事業者に呼び掛けている。
 ところが海兵隊は焼却処分には費用と時間がかかるとして、米本国で使用している処理装置で汚染水の濃度を下げた上で、処理後の水を公共下水道で基地外に流す計画を日本側に打診してきた。コストという米軍の都合を優先し、日本の環境法令の例外を認めさせようという態度だ。
 PFASは発がん性など健康への悪影響があり、自然の中でほとんど分解されず蓄積していく。宜野湾市議会は7月、公共下水道や河川への放出を認めない意見書と決議を全会一致で可決している。日本政府内にも慎重論が強くある中で、米軍、政府、沖縄県で処分方法の協議が続いていた。今回の放出は日本側との合意が一切ない状況での強行であり、常軌を逸している。
 米軍は、PFASの一種であるPFOSとPFOAの処理後の含有量は、日本の飲用水の目標値(1リットル当たり50ナノグラム)を下回っているとしている。しかし、基準値の設定以前に、米軍の処理が適切かどうかを国や県が放出前に確認する手段が担保されていないことが問題なのである。
 そもそも、貯蔵している汚染水の量という基本的な情報さえ、放出まで日本側に伝えられていなかった。1リットル当たりの濃度を下げたとしても、放出量が多ければ大量の物質が蓄積することになる。米軍がいくら安全性を強調しようと、肝心の情報がブラックボックスでは排水を認めることなどできるはずがない。
 米軍基地の光熱水費は在日米軍駐留経費負担(思いやり予算)で日本政府が肩代わりしている。環境汚染を拡散させた上、その費用までわれわれの税金で負担するというのか。理不尽極まりない。
 米軍はPFAS汚染水を本国に回収し、自らの責任と負担で処理すべきだ。
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