The US: I Only Know that I Know Nothing

Published in El Mundo
(Spain) on 9 February 2012
by Inocencio Arias (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Adam Zimmerman. Edited by Mark DeLucas.
Another turn of the screw. The election campaign in the United States doles out another surprise. A few days ago, a victor was emerging in the Republican primaries: the moderate Romney. The polls had him winning this week’s three primaries, and, with an aura of inevitability in his party, the pollsters also had him neck and neck with Obama in November’s main event. He was, they said, the Republican best suited to beat the president.

Today, dark clouds have gathered. Romney lost Tuesday’s three primaries to Santorum, and the polls show that Obama would beat Romney by a significant margin.

The forceful emergence of Santorum is surprising and shows the unpredictability of the American electorate. It is widely believed that a rich candidate who is at least moderately articulate will win the primaries. This time it hasn’t happened. Santorum does not have a cent; in Tuesday’s states — Missouri, Minnesota and Colorado — Romney spent 40 times more on advertising than Santorum, and he lost all three anyway. In Missouri and Minnesota, the margin was huge. A cause for concern for the erstwhile front runner is that, in those three states, he won fewer votes than he did four years ago, when he campaigned in the primaries that were eventually won by McCain. The latter, by the way, had begun his campaign with very little funding.

No Republican creates general enthusiasm among the voters. The turnout for the primaries is shaping up to be — in spite of the heat generated by 19 debates — lower than in prior years, and two out of three independents say that there is much about Romney that they dislike. Now the polls are turning toward Santorum, who has succeeded in reviving the tea party.

Meanwhile, smiles are brightening in the Obama camp. The president, for the first time in months, sees his approval index, at 48.6 percent, higher than his disapproval rating of 47.4 percent. The fundamental reason is improvement in the economy; unemployment has gone down to 8.4 percent, and although the country is truly polarized, many commentators believe that Obama is performing well in the stormy sea of foreign affairs. He showed a steady hand in the elimination, through expedited methods, of bin Laden, which Americans appreciate, and he has kept his promise to pull the troops out of Iraq. In Libya, though no one knows if the country will stabilize, Gadhafi was eliminated without considerable economic cost or damage to the image of the United States.

Now, however, Obama has a tough challenge with Iran. These days he is feverishly consulting with the government of Israel on the growing threat of the Ayatollahs’ nuclear bomb. Israel says that Iran needs very little time to obtain it, and that they cannot wait long before launching an attack to keep this weapon of mass destruction from a country whose president affirms that Israel should be wiped off the map. Obama argues that there is still time, with sanctions and other measures, to force the Ayatollahs to stop the program — an opinion which is not shared by all analysts or by the Republican Party. Romney says that the administration is being too soft on Tehran. The U.S.-Israeli talks have intensified in the last few weeks. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu seems to argue that if time is wasted, not only will the Iranians get the bomb, but they will be able to deposit it in a site that is invulnerable to air attacks. Obama continues advocating prudence, aware of the negative effects — increasing oil prices, terrorist attacks — that military action against Iran would have.

It is possible that Iran will join the economy in deciding the U.S. presidential campaign.


Estados Unidos: sólo se que no se nada
09FEB 2012 11:55
Otra vuelta de tuerca. La campaña electoral de Estados Unidos depara otra sorpresa. Hace fechas, en las primarias republicanas se perfilaba un vencedor, el moderado Romney. Las encuestas le concedían las tres primarias de esta semana y, con un aura de inevitablidad en las filas de su partido, los pronosticadores también le daban un codo con codo con Obama en la gran final de Noviembre. Era, se decía, el republicano más capacitado para batir al Presidente.

Hoy, los nubarrones abundan. Romney perdió las tres primarias del martes ante el candidato Santorum y la totalidad de los sondeos apuntan a que Obama lo derrotaría por un margen no excesivamente estrecho.

La emergencia con fuerza de Santorum es sorprendente y muestra la imprevisibilidad del electorado americano.Es creencia extendida que el candidato rico que sea medianamente articulado arrolla en las primarias. Esta vez, no ha sido así. Santorum no tenía un centavo, en los Estados del martes, Missouri, Minnesota y Colorado, Romney habia gastado en publicidad cuarenta veces más que Santorum y, sin embargo, ha perdido en los tres. En Missouri y Minnesota la brecha ha sido abismal. Dato preocupante para el hasta ahora favorito es que en los tres Estados ha sacado menos votos que hace cuatro años cuando tambien luchaba en las primarias que ganaría McCain. Este, por cierto, había arrancado en su campaña con muy pocos fondos.

Ningún republicano suscita un entusiasmo generalizado entre los votantes. La participación en las primarias viene siendo, a pesar del calentamiento de los debates, ya se han celebrado 19, inferior a la de otras campañas y dos de cada tres independientes estadounidenses dicen que hay bastantes cosas de Romney que les disgustan. Ahora las encuestas se volcarán hacia Santorum que ha logrado resucitar el Tea party.

Mientras, la sonrisa aflora en el campo de Obama. El presidente ve por primera vez en meses que su índice de aceptación, 48´6 % es superior al de desaprobación, 47'4. La razón fundamental es la mejora de la situación económica, el paro ha bajado al 8'4% y, aunque el país está francamente polarizado, son abundantes los comentaristas que piensan que Obama se desenvuelve bien en el proceloso mar de la política internacional. No le tembló el pulso en la eliminación de Bin Laden por métodos expeditivos, algo que los americanos aprecian, y ha cumplido su promesa de sacar las tropas de Irak. En Libia, aunque nadie sabe si el país se estabilizará, se sacó a Gadaffi sin costo económico considerable o de imagen para Estados Unidos.

Ahora, sin embargo, Obama tiene una buena papeleta en Irán. Estos días celebra consultas febriles con el gobierno de Israel sobre la amenaza creciente de la bomba nuclear de los ayatollas. Israel sostiene que les falta poco tiempo para conseguirla y, en consecuencia, que no puede esperar demasiado para lanzar un ataque que impida que un país cuyo Presidente afirma que Israel debe desaparecer del mapa pueda tener ese arma mortífera. Obama arguye que aún hay tiempo, con sanciones etc... para obligar a los ayatollas a detener el programa, opinión no compartida por todos los analistas ni por el partido republicano. Romney dice que se está siendo demasiado blando con Teherán. Las conversaciones americano-israelies se han intensificado en las últimas semanas. El judío Netanyahu parece argumentar que con la pérdida de tiempo no sólo los iraníes tendrán la bomba sino que la habrán depositado en un lugar inexpugnable para la aviación. Obama continua pidiendo prudencia conocedor de los efectos negativos, subida del petróleo, atentados terroristas...que tendría la acción contra Irán.

Es posible que Irán se cuele junto a la economía en la campaña presidencial estadounidense.
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