The United States’ Neighbors … Always Winning

Published in El Financiero
(Mexico) on 26 April 2019
by Jonathan Ruiz Torre (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Tom Walker. Edited by Elizabeth Cosgriff.
It was my chance traveling companion during a 1 1/2-hour flight who best summarized where we’re heading economically.

His first initial is G. He is a good-natured 30-something guy who immigrated to Texas when his brother tricked him into believing that he would get a job in a mechanic’s shop. He ended up on the other side of the river.

He mentioned that he sometimes worked construction, until he met a retired English businessman, who saw in him the necessary qualities for starting a business; they became partners. The construction company grew to the point that the European pleaded for tranquility. It was a lot of work for a retired person.

Today G has his own company in Austin, but he wants to return to Mexico. Over there, it is a stressed-out life, to the tune of 16-hour days, he says. Here, it doesn’t pay as well, he knows. Building a small swimming pool in Mérida costs around 100,000 pesos (approximately $5,245), and the work lasts some four months.

Surprisingly, he notes that that can be good business. With his equipment, he can do the work in two weeks and at a lower cost.

This is the difference between Mexico and the United States, G explains. Here, everything is done by hand, by people who charge very little instead of training and equipping them to use machines that increase production.

In Mexico, the government calls on the people to plant trees, giving them poorly paid work. The big investments will come from foreigners: the engineering and equipment for the Dos Bocas refinery, or the infrastructure of the Mayan Train will be the work of people who are trained better from other countries.

Soon, the differences between the United States and Mexico will become more pronounced. The biggest global economic and political struggle that confronts the U.S. is about the establishment of the 5G network, which will permit, for example, conducting surgery remotely, as well as carrying out military operations with no humans present. Their strongest rival is China, which still has a per capita income that is lower than that of Mexico.

The National Project 2018-2024 of Morena* discusses increasing the coverage of the 3G and 4G networks. It does not mention the 5G network, nor what it entails: digitized supply networks and the generalized use of “artificial intelligence,” a term not mentioned in the document.

It has become clearer in recent weeks that our relationship with our neighbor to the north will remain strong. But we aspire to be a manufacturing country, with labor as our basic input. In return, the government hopes for better wages for people through the social struggle, by labor reform that encourages the unions.

The problem? There are no plans for increasing productivity so that Mexicans can learn how to invent and use new machines. Of this, there is nothing to say about an educational system under the control of the CNTE and the SNTE.**

Many companies will stay, but those that get tired of a new “class struggle” will leave. And they won’t have to go very far.

“USMCA would reduce the scope of the investor-state dispute settlement mechanism, a change that, based on modeling results, would reduce U.S. investment in Mexico and would lead to a small increase in U.S. domestic investment and output in the manufacturing and mining sectors,” the U.S. International Trade Commission concluded in the report delivered this month at the request of the Trump administration.*** It is getting close to the time for ratification of the treaty that is replacing NAFTA; but for the Mexicans, these don’t stand out as triumphs. Here, it is constructing swimming pools by hand, painting striping with a brush, and assembling cars by bolting them together. Not much more than that.

*Translator’s note: “Morena” is the Spanish acronym for the National Regeneration Movement, a Mexican political party founded and originally led by Andrés Manuel López Obrador, the current president of Mexico.

**Translator’s note: The SNTE and CNTE are Mexican teachers’ unions.

***Translator’s note: USMCA is the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, the replacement for NAFTA; it has been signed but not yet ratified.


Los vecinos de EU... ganando como siempre

Fue mi aleatorio compañero de viaje durante un vuelo de hora y media quien mejor sintetizó hacia dónde vamos económicamente.

La inicial de su nombre de pila es G. Es un campechano treintañero que emigró a Texas cuando su hermano lo llevó con el engaño de que lo integraría a la labor de un taller mecánico. Terminó del otro lado del río.

Cuenta que llegó como albañil, hasta que conoció a un hombre de negocios inglés retirado que encontró en él las virtudes necesarias para instalar una empresa, se asociaron. La compañía constructora creció al punto en el que el europeo pidió paz. Mucho trabajo para un jubilado.

Ahora G tiene su propia firma en Austin, pero quiere venir a México. Allá la vida estresa al ritmo de jornadas de 16 horas diarias, dice. Acá no pagan tan bien, lo sabe. Construir una pequeña piscina en Mérida cuesta cerca de 100 mil pesos y los trabajos duran unos cuatro meses.

Sorpresivamente, advierte que ese puede ser buen negocio. Con sus máquinas, él puede hacer el trabajo en dos semanas y con bajos costos.

Es la diferencia entre México y Estados Unidos, explica G, acá todo lo hacen a mano con gente que cobra muy poco, en lugar de entrenarla y equiparla para usar máquinas que produzcan más.

En México el gobierno convoca a la gente a plantar árboles para dar trabajo mal pagado. El dinero de las inversiones más fuertes será para extranjeros: la ingeniería y las máquinas de la refinería de Dos Bocas o la infraestructura del tren maya, cuando se concreten, vendrán de la obra de gente más preparada, de otros países.

Pronto las diferencias entre Estados Unidos y México van a pronunciarse. La mayor contienda global económica y política que enfrenta esa nación es por el establecimiento de la red 5G que permitirá, por ejemplo, la realización de operaciones médicas quirúrgicas a distancia, lo mismo que la operación militar sin presencia de humanos. Su rival más fuerte es China que aún tiene un ingreso per cápita más bajo que el de México.

El Proyecto de Nación 2018-2024 de Morena contempla aumentar la cobertura de las redes 3G y 4G. No menciona la red 5G ni lo que conlleva: redes digitalizadas de suministro y uso generalizado de 'inteligencia artificial', término que ese documento no incluye.

Nuestra relación con el país vecino al norte seguirá fuerte, quedó más claro en semanas recientes. Pero aspiramos a ser un país manufacturero que ponga básicamente la mano de obra. A cambio, el gobierno aspira a mejores salarios para la gente por la vía de la lucha social, mediante una reforma laboral que aliente a los sindicatos.

¿El problema? No hay planes para subir la productividad, para que los mexicanos aprendan a inventar y usar nuevas máquinas. De eso, nada a decir de un sistema educativo en poder de la CNTE y el SNTE.

Muchas firmas se quedarán, pero las que se harten de una nueva 'lucha social', se irán. Y no tendrán que ir muy lejos:

“El T-MEC reduciría el alcance del mecanismo de solución de controversias entre inversionistas y estados, un cambio que basado en los resultados del modelo, reduciría la inversión de Estados Unidos en México y conduciría a una pequeña alza en la inversión y producción doméstica de Estados Unidos en los sectores de manufactura y minería”, concluyó la Comisión de Comercio Internacional de los Estados Unidos en el reporte (https://bit.ly/2Xs5ENz) entregado este mes a petición del gobierno de Donald Trump. La ratificación del tratado que sustituya al TLCAN se acerca, pero para los mexicanos no se asoman triunfos. Acá, a construir albercas a mano y a pintar franjas con brocha... a atornillar coches. No mucho más que eso.

This post appeared on the front page as a direct link to the original article with the above link .

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