Primaries with a Moral

Published in Les Echos
(France) on 14 April, 2012
by Favilla (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Marisa Burnside. Edited by .

OPD 4/18

Edited by Peter McGuire

 

 

Money can’t always buy happiness. In the U.S., Rick Santorum’s withdrawal from the race for Republican nomination has almost certainly made Mitt Romney Barack Obama’s challenger in November. However, these primaries will leave their mark: their brutality is proportional to the millions of dollars raised.

The American presidential election is set to break all records in terms of candidate spending, because the fragile barriers that have regulated campaign finance since the 1970s have been swept away. In January 2010, in the name of freedom of expression, the Supreme Court opened the floodgates by authorizing “Super Political Action Committees” to raise funds and to spend them without any limits, providing that they do not promote a candidate by name. The result has been that each candidate has developed a “Super PAC” that can only be used to criticize, denigrate and make caricatures of their rivals in publicity commercials. Mitt Romney has by no means been the least aggressive in this character assassination contest. His front-runner position, however, has also made him particularly vulnerable to criticism.

Romeny’s opponents have likened him to a weathervane, changing his speeches to suit whichever audience he is in front of; his campaign has been compared to an “Etch A Sketch,” that disappears when shaken; his membership of the Mormon church has been extensively commented upon; he has been classed as a “socialist” for having developed a health care insurance system in his state, Massachusetts, and yet his concessions to the Republican right on abortion and immigration have alienated him from some female and Hispanic voters. All of this without the more or less blunt allusions to the “speculative” origins of his wealth.

There is, in all of this, something to cheer up the moralists amongst us: the money that has been used to pervert the course of justice has proved counterproductive to the candidates, and the Republican primaries' expenditure has, above all, benefitted the Democrat presidential candidate. The election, however, is not for another seven months, and, in politics, public opinion is fickle.


L'argent ne fait pas (toujours) le bonheur. Aux Etats-Unis, le retrait de Rick Santorum de la course à l'investiture républicaine donne à Mitt Romney la quasi-certitude d'être en novembre le challenger de Barack Obama, mais ces primaires laisseront des traces : leur violence est proportionnelle au nombre de millions de dollars qu'elles mobilisent. Si l'élection présidentielle américaine promet de battre tous les records de dépenses de la part des candidats, c'est parce que les fragiles barrières qui régulaient depuis les années 1970 le financement des campagnes ont été balayées : en janvier 2010, au nom de la liberté d'expression, la Cour suprême a ouvert les vannes en autorisant des « Super Political Action Committees » à récolter des fonds et à les dépenser sans limites, à condition de ne pas promouvoir nommément un candidat. Résultat : chaque prétendant s'est doté d'un « Super-PAC », mais n'a pu l'utiliser que pour critiquer, dénigrer, caricaturer ses rivaux à coups de spots publicitaires. Mitt Romney n'a pas été le moins agressif dans ce jeu de massacre, mais sa situation de favori l'a aussi particulièrement exposé : ses adversaires ont donné de lui l'image d'une « girouette » changeant de discours en fonction de son auditoire, son programme est une « ardoise magique » qui s'efface quand on la secoue, on a glosé sur son appartenance à l'Eglise mormone, on l'a traité de « socialiste » pour avoir mis en place un système d'assurance-santé dans son Etat, le Massachusetts, mais ses concessions à la droite républicaine sur l'avortement ou l'immigration lui aliènent une partie des électorats féminin et hispanique. Sans oublier les allusions, plus ou moins explicites, sur l'origine « spéculative » de sa fortune.
Il y a là, en somme, de quoi réjouir un moraliste : l'argent qui pervertit le jeu démocratique se retourne contre ses utilisateurs, et les dépenses des primaires républicaines auront surtout servi... au président-candidat démocrate. Mais l'élection n'a lieu que dans sept mois et, en politique, les images changent vite.
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