Can Bernanke Get Out Of the Greenspan Cycle?

Published in Wen Wei Po
(China) on 26 August 09
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Amy Przybyla. Edited by Alex Brewer.
Yesterday, Obama announced the re-nomination of Ben Bernanke to the post of Federal Reserve chairman. Bernanke is considered to be the best candidate to rescue the market. If the Federal Reserve chairman is replaced when the future of the U.S. economy is still unclear, the stability of the U.S. economy will face an even greater risk.

Although it is said that Bernanke has been credited with rescuing the market, his next term will be judged on his ability to make the economy recover smoothly. Bernanke’s non-conventional market rescue operation opened the doors up for his second term, but he must beware of currency fluctuation and the possible resulting inflation. The inflation during the Greenspan era is a remote cause of this financial crisis, but if Bernanke cannot rescue the market, perhaps this will cause the next round of inflation and crisis. The people wait to see whether Bernanke will get out of this strange cycle.

Obama said that Bernanke’s wisdom, resolute and non-conventional thinking stopped the free-falling market. In 2002, he (Bernanke) said: “if the market is in need, the Federal Reserve can make it possible to immediately send a helicopter to scatter money onto Wall Street.” This well-known expression has finally turned into reality.

In order to save the American economy, Bernanke has formulated a series of market rescue plans which provide emergency loans, adding huge mobility to the market at a time when U.S. interest rates are at a historical low. His faults also received a lot of questioning; in the beginning stages of the financial tsunami, Bernanke made a delayed response to rescue the market and stood by at Lehman’s bankruptcy, directly triggering the global crisis.

Although Bernanke once delayed an opportunity to rescue the market, he has adopted “non-conventional monetary policy,” including extending credit to investment banks, supporting the commercial paper market and participating in the rescue of Bear Sterns and the American International Group, as well as promising the purchase of $1.7 dollars of public debt, agency bonds and mortgage-backed security.

This was a bold and decisive way to carry out his radical and loose policy to guarantee the financial system's mobility, just like “the cocktail-type mix therapy,” effectively saving the collapse of the U.S. financial system. Bernanke also firmly supports the Obama administration, pushed the United States Congress to adopt the economic stimulus plan and stopped the U.S. economy’s rapid decline.

But Bernanke’s real test will be in his next term. In order to deal with the financial tsunami, he must use non-conventional methods to bury the financial bomb for America and the global economy. At present Bernanke is facing a dilemma. If he starts deflation policy, the American economy will weaken and recovery will possibly be strangled, falling into decline once again. If he continues quantification policy, then the low interest rate environment will continue, inevitably initiating global hyperinflation.

The hyperinflation foreshadows the next round of the crisis. How will Bernanke determine the exit mechanism of his loose monetary policy to avoid the dramatic rise of the property bubble, stabilize the declining tendency of the U.S. dollar and to eliminate the next round of hidden crises? This will be a significant test.


伯南克能否走出格林斯潘怪圈

http://www.wenweipo.com [2009-08-26]
美國總統奧巴馬昨日宣佈提名伯南克連任聯邦儲備委員會主席。伯南克被認為是救市的最佳人選,且若在美國經濟前景不明之際撤換美聯儲主席,美國經濟穩定將面臨更大的風險。雖然說伯南克救市有功,但不等於下一任期能夠順利回收流動性。伯南克非常規的救市行動,埋下了美元泛濫、美元貶值和通貨膨脹的後遺症。格林斯潘時代的通貨膨脹,正是此次金融危機的遠因,而伯南克這輪救市,可能又是下一輪通貨膨脹和危機的誘因。伯南克能否走出這一怪圈,人們拭目以待。

奧巴馬稱,伯南克以其智慧、果決和非常規的思維,讓處於自由落體狀態的美國經濟「剎住了車」。伯南克沒有按常理出牌,他在2002年說過:「如果市場需要,聯儲局甚至可以派直升機直接把鈔票撒到華爾街去」,這番著名的言論終於變成現實。為了挽救美國經濟,伯南克制定一系列救市計劃,提供緊急貸款,向市場注入龐大流動性,更把美國利率降到歷史最低點。但伯南克在金融海嘯爆發初期,延誤救市時機,袖手旁觀雷曼破產,更直接引發席捲全球的金融海嘯,他的這一過失也頗受質疑。

儘管伯南克一度延誤救市時機,但所採取「非傳統的貨幣政策」,包括將信貸延伸至投資銀行,支援商業票據市場,參與救助貝爾斯登與美國國際集團,以及承諾收購1.7萬億美元的公債、機構債券與抵押貸款擔保證券,大刀闊斧地推行激進的量化寬鬆政策,以保證金融體系的流動性,恍如「雞尾酒式的混合療法」,有效地拯救了處於崩潰邊緣的美國金融系統。伯南克還堅決支持奧巴馬政府,推動美國國會通過了經濟刺激計劃,煞停了急速沉淪的美國經濟。

但伯南克的考驗還在下一任期,他為應付金融海嘯而採用的非常規手段,為美國乃至全球經濟埋下金融炸彈。目前伯南克處於兩難境地,如果他開始緊縮政策,美國經濟微弱的復甦可能被扼殺,再度陷入衰退;如果他繼續量化寬鬆政策,則低利率環境持續,必將引發全球的惡性通脹。惡性通脹又為下一輪危機埋下伏筆。伯南克如何確定寬鬆貨幣政策的退出機制,避免資產泡沫飆升,穩定住美元頹勢,消除下一輪危機隱患,將是他面臨的重大考驗。

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