Reconsidering the Futenma Airbase Problem for Sake of the Alliance

Published in Asahi
(Japan) on 27 October 2011
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Ryan Whiting. Edited by Nathan Ladd.
Diplomacy being limited by domestic politics is no new thing. Even so, as the situation has become more complicated, there has been no effort to change it.

The issue of relocating the U.S. military’s Futenma Airbase in Okinawa has completely run aground. U.S. Secretary of Defense Panetta‘s recent visit with Japan’s cabinet members assigned to the issue has shown how severe the situation really is.

An issue that was agreed upon at the conference on the Futenma problem, which Minister of Defense Ichikawa attended, was that the relocation of the base to Henoko, Nago City — a decision made jointly by the U.S. and Japan — should be pushed forward as fast as possible.

Japan’s minister of defense told the U.S. that he will be presenting a report to the Okinawa prefecture on the environmental impact the new runway will have. It was reported that the U.S. welcomed such action. But there are no plans after that.

In Japan, all trust has been lost between Okinawa and the administration of the Democratic Party of Japan. The mayor of Nago City is opposed to these measures, and at a prefectural meeting it was agreed upon that they would seek relocation outside of the prefecture or country.

The U.S. government is in a difficult situation. There is a rumored proposal that the Futenma relocation will be coordinated with the relocation expenses of Marine troops to Guam, in order to decrease the large cost.

The Obama administration wants to appeal to the conference that is working for progress on the Futenma problem because he has a budget to protect. This “assessment” is just theatrics. Governments from both the U.S. and Japan seem to have decided to continue to recount the U.S.-Japan agreement as some sort of magical word that will prevent opposition by the U.S. Congress.

The Asia Pacific region is now facing the important topic of how to stably include the new Chinese power into the region. Secretary Panetta underscored the importance of the U.S. presence in the Pacific at a Tokyo press conference when he stated, “We will continue to have force projection in that area, [and] we will continue, not only to maintain but strengthen our presence in this part of the world.”

What political policies are being drafted in relation to China? What role will Japan play? Japan and the United States should make it their first priority to discuss these topics in the near future. However, they cannot begin to get at these issues while the problem of the Futenma Airbase relocation blocks their path to those issues.

As made painfully obvious by the situation in Afghanistan after 10 years, the U.S. military strategies, which rely on their own might, have reached a limit. In this multipolar world, the U.S. cannot escape the fact that their power is relatively small. The U.S. is increasingly turning inward, as can be seen in the conservative grass roots tea party movement.

It is in these times that Japan and American should strive to consider their relationship in this larger framework. In order to do this, they have no choice but to seek a solution that looks beyond Henoko, and that fundamentally reconsiders the Futenma problem.


普天間問題―同盟のために見直そう

 外交が国内政治の制約を受けることはままある。だが、ここまでこじれたら、もう動かしようがない。

 沖縄の米軍普天間飛行場の移設問題は、完全に暗礁に乗り上げた。このほど来日したパネッタ米国防長官の日本側担当閣僚との会談が厳しい現実を映し出していた。

 一川防衛相との普天間問題の協議で一致できたのは、名護市辺野古沖への移設を約束した日米合意を可能な限り早く進めるという原則だけだった。

 防衛相は新滑走路の建設に必要な環境影響評価(アセスメント)の評価書を年内に沖縄県に提出すると米側に伝え、歓迎されたという。

 けれど、その先がない。

 国内では民主党政権と沖縄との信頼関係は切れたままだ。地元の名護市長は反対だし、県議会も一致して県外・国外移設を求めている。

 米政府にも苦しい事情がある。巨額の財政赤字を減らす一案として、普天間移設と連動する在沖縄海兵隊のグアム移転費が取りざたされているのだ。

 この予算を守るため、オバマ政権は普天間問題の進展を議会にアピールしたい。「アセス」は、そのための演出といえる。米議会対策のため、日米両政府が日米合意を呪文のように唱えているという図式なのだ。

 アジア・太平洋地域はいま、台頭する中国をどのように安定的秩序に組み込むかという重要な課題に直面している。パネッタ長官が東京での記者会見で、「米国はアジアにおけるプレゼンスを維持・強化する」と述べたのは、この点を重視するというメッセージだった。

 対中政策でどのような構想を描くのか。日本はどんな役割を果たすのか。中長期的には、日米が最優先で話し合うべき課題のはずだが、普天間問題が入り口をふさいだ格好で、議論に踏み込めない。

 この10年間のアフガニスタン情勢で明らかなように、力に頼る米国の戦略は限界にぶつかっている。多極化する世界で、相対的に米国のパワーが小さくなるのは避けられない。一方で、草の根保守のティーパーティーに見られるように、国内政治は内向き志向を強めている。

 こういう時だけに、大きな枠組みで日米関係を考えていく努力を、お互いにすべきだ。そのためには、普天間問題を根本的に見直し、辺野古以外の案を模索するしかない。

 遠回りに見えても、それ以外に実質的に日米関係を強化する道を開く手立てはない。
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