TPP Talks: Japan and the US, Show Your Willingness for Agreement

Published in Nihon Keizai Shinbun
(Japan) on 26 September 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Hirotoshi Kimura. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
A crackling passion of brinkmanship undeniably accompanies most trade talks. In some cases, however, the timing for reaching an ultimate compromise fails to synchronize for both parties. It’s a veritable shame that the TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership) talks between Japan and the U.S. have met this very sad fate.

Akira Amari, the minister of state for economic and fiscal policy, attended what he had decided was to be a final negotiation with U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman. But the U.S. remained adamant. Contrary to Froman’s position, though, Japan had already run out of patience, presenting what it confidently believed to be an offer of utmost compromise; Japan has, after all, turned out to be more stubborn.

The Obama administration faces midterm elections in November. Undoubtedly, Froman does not want to be seen as a pushover vis-à-vis Japan, for fear of inviting any stentorian censure from Congress and the auto and cattle industries, famously hostile to Japan. Hence the question: When will we ever see the aforementioned moment of ultimate compromise?

There is no cast-iron deadline for the TPP. But President Obama announced his intention to at least outline its contours by November, when the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) will convene in Beijing. But it is arbitrary; the rest of the countries in the talks are just acting in deference to U.S. policy.

We must be careful not to let this historical factoid ever lapse into the murkiness of memory: The Doha Round of the World Trade Organization has not yet crossed the finish line, and it has been 13 years.

As the November deadline (even if arbitrarily set) approaches, it depends upon the action of Japan and the U.S. as to whether the rest will be goaded into accepting the treaty. With the abrupt intermission of high-level talks between those two countries, a sense of disappointment could soon ripple widely.

Japan and the U.S. alone account for 80 percent, or thereabouts, of the total economic activity in the TPP zone. What a shame that the impetus for agreement might dissipate due to the tactlessness of these two supposed economic power engines. Their responsibility weighs all the more heavily upon their shoulders, there being no determined deadline in view. This responsibility they should always bear in mind.

But without a willingness to reach agreement and mutual trust in the negotiations themselves, the whole spectacle could wind up looking farcical at best. While it remains inconclusive for now, we are almost there. Now it’s time to look outward with a view to sending the right message.


通商交渉に瀬戸際の攻防はつきものである。だが、交渉当事者の間で、どのタイミングが交渉の最終局面なのかという認識がずれる場合がある。ワシントンで開いた環太平洋経済連携協定(TPP)をめぐる閣僚協議で、日米の呼吸が合わなかったのが残念だ。

 甘利明経済財政・再生相は「今回が最後」と語って、フロマン米通商代表部(USTR)代表との会談に臨んだ。日本側としてぎりぎりの妥結案を提示したとみられるが、米側は強硬な姿勢を崩さなかったようだ。フロマン代表はまだ粘れると考えたのだろう。

 オバマ政権は11月4日に中間選挙を控えている。フロマン代表としては、いま日本に譲歩したとみなされて、米議会や対日強硬派の自動車業界、畜産業界などから反発を買いたくないはずだ。だとすれば、最終局面はいつなのか。

 TPP交渉には現時点で明確な合意期限がない。オバマ米大統領が、11月のアジア太平洋経済協力会議(APEC)をめどに大筋合意を目指す意向を表明し、この米国の方針を他の交渉国が尊重しているにすぎない。

 世界貿易機関(WTO)の多角的通商交渉(ドーハ・ラウンド)は、合意期限を設けられず13年間も漂流が続いている。その教訓を忘れてはならない。

 11月に向けて他の交渉国の合意への機運が高まるかどうかは、日米の行動次第である。閣僚協議が物別れに終わったことで、他国に失望が広がりかねない。

 日米の経済規模は、TPP交渉国全体の約8割を占める。自由化のけん引役であるべき日米が、逆に合意機運を損ねるようでは情けない。明確な期限がないからこそ日米の責任は重い。そのことを両国の政権は肝に銘じるべきだ。

 土俵際の攻防の中に合意への意志と信頼がなければ、けんか別れに見えてしまう。決着は先送りとなったが、交渉はあと一歩の段階に来ている。国内ばかりに目を向けて世界へのメッセージの発信のしかたを誤ってはならない。
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