A Foreign Policy That Resorts to High Tariffs Is Inexcusable

Published in Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei)
(Japan) on 31 May 2019
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Eric Stimson. Edited by Denile Doyle.
By pushing through high tariffs, American President Donald Trump bullies major countries and tries to solve economic and diplomatic problems forcefully. This enrages these countries and they try to respond in some way. This sort of negative chain reaction must be severed.

America has announced additional duties on all imports from Mexico. It says that they will begin on June 10 and the tariff rate will progressively climb from 5% to 25%.

The reason for this is Mexico’s inadequate policy on undocumented emigrants and the threat posed to the safety and livelihood of American citizens. Looking ahead to the elections in 2020, Trump must want to drum up support from the base of the ruling Republican Party.

In consideration of Mexico and Canada’s responses to the revisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), America removed the high tariffs it had imposed on steel and aluminum. Mexico hardened its attitude in response to the subsequent announcement and shows intent to implement retaliatory measures.

In terms of the volume of America’s imports, Mexico is second only to China. If additional duties are levied on them, it will impact not just the two countries’ economies, but the world’s. The policy must be said to be too dangerous.

The migrant groups passing through Mexico from Central America and elsewhere can definitely not be ignored. With international cooperation, Mexico and America need to develop strategies for eradicating poverty and stabilizing the political situation in the countries of departure.

It is inexcusable to shrug off such persistent efforts and resort to selfish methods. America should immediately abandon the additional duties and address problems through dialogue with Mexico.

The trade war between America and China has also sunk into a quagmire. On June 1, China will levy $60 billion worth of duties on American imports. It is a new retaliation against the U.S.

An exchange of sanctions and revenge won’t stop at additional tariffs. America has effectively banned the export of China’s largest telecommunication device firm, Huawei, and China has implied that it will regulate the export of rare earth minerals.

If the two countries’ confrontation escalates, the risk of a severe blow to the global economy rises. Trump and Chairman Xi Jinping should restrain themselves and search for a scheme to relax tensions.

A decision on whether America will impose high tariffs on automobiles from major countries has been postponed to mid-November, but the fear remains that this could be used as a threat in commercial negotiations with Japan and Europe. An increase in automobile imports obviously cannot be considered a “threat to national security.”


トランプ米大統領が高関税の発動で主要国を脅し、経済・外交問題を力ずくで解決しようとする。相手国はこれに憤り、何らかの対抗措置に動く。そんな負の連鎖を断ち切らねばならない。

米国がメキシコからの輸入品全てに追加関税を課すと発表した。6月10日から開始し、上乗せする関税の税率を5%から25%まで段階的に引き上げるという。

メキシコの不法移民対策が不十分で、米国民の安全や生活が脅かされているという理屈である。2020年の再選を期すトランプ氏が、与党・共和党の支持基盤を鼓舞したいのだろう。

米国は北米自由貿易協定(NAFTA)の改定に応じたメキシコとカナダに配慮し、鉄鋼やアルミニウムに課してきた高関税を解除した。その直後の発表にメキシコは態度を硬化させ、対抗措置に動く構えをみせている。

米国の輸入額に占めるメキシコの割合は、中国に次いで2番目に大きい。これに追加関税をかければ、両国のみならず世界の経済にも影響が広がる。あまりに危険な措置といわざるを得まい。

メキシコ経由で米国を目指す中米などの移民集団を放置できないのは確かだ。米国とメキシコが国際社会の協力を得て、出身国の貧困撲滅や政情安定なども含めた対策を講じる必要がある。

そうした地道な努力を怠り、身勝手な措置に訴えるのは許されない。米国は直ちに追加関税を撤回し、メキシコとの対話を通じて問題を解決すべきだ。

米国と中国の貿易戦争も泥沼の状態に陥った。6月1日には中国が米国からの輸入品600億ドル相当に追加関税を課す。米国への新たな対抗措置である。

制裁と報復の応酬は追加関税にとどまらない。米国は中国の通信機器最大手、華為技術(ファーウェイ)に対する輸出を事実上禁じ、中国はレアアース(希土類)の輸出規制に含みを持たせる。

両国の対立がエスカレートすれば、世界経済が深刻な打撃を被るリスクが高まる。トランプ氏と習近平国家主席はともに自制し、緊張緩和の方策を探るべきだ。

米国は主要国の自動車に高関税を課すかどうかの判断を11月中旬まで延期したが、こちらも日本や欧州との通商交渉で脅しの材料に使う懸念が残る。自動車の輸入増を「米国の安全保障上の脅威」とみなすのは断じて認められない。
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