It Is Not Security, but Tyranny

Published in El Universal
(Venezuela) on 10 June 2012
by Alejandro A. Tagliavini (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by G. Ullauri. Edited by Laurence Bouvard  .
Lost in a U.S. desert in Bluffdale, Utah, the government builds a Leviathan: the largest spy center on the planet — a huge structure to hide the latest technology designed to intercept, decode and analyze the networks of all global communications. The venture was kept secret until it came to light following an investigation by journalist James Bamford. It is the new base of the National Security Agency, the most powerful and enigmatic U.S. agency that now exceeds the CIA and FBI in resources, and possesses the controversial Echelon spy network based on satellites.

This new NSA bunker, which will be operational in 2013, will cost about $2 billion. The project originated with an initiative of the George W. Bush administration and became known as "Stellar Wind” but was so controversial that Congress overturned it. However, Washington is not the only government doing this; Brazil is also creating a military organization, the Center for Cyber Defense, officially joining in this "war of cyberspace" with Russia, China and Germany. In fact, while there is a decrease in traditional military spending, there is a marked increase in "defense" electronics, up from $50 billion in 2011.

In military parlance, cyberspace is the "fifth field of battle." It happens that with computing, armies are left with huge complications (and peace guaranteed!) since they need secrecy to be effective. Having the most powerful weapon is useless against a mosquito if it can anticipate our movements and escape. Thus, the most militarized countries (most authoritarian) are the ones that impose the most major constraints on the network — regimes like Russia, Vietnam, China, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela and Cuba — while in others, such as North Korea, freedom is practically nonexistent. Those countries will be the ones asked to pass the Internet from private hands to the U.N. at the International Telecommunication Union Assembly to be held in Dubai in December.

The excuses are the usual ones of national security, attacks on banks and companies, the war on terrorism, etc. They are all a big lie. It is as false as the argument that, to defend freedom, violence is sometimes needed, when it is absolutely always liberticidal. World War II, for instance, as an example of "defensive" violence, installed the Stalinist dictatorship, the worst in human history. Without the Allies’ attack, the Nazis and the Soviet Union would probably have attacked each other until both would have sooner or later disappeared.

As for bank security, I was personally the victim of someone using a duplicate of my credit card, but precisely because of the Internet I was able to notice it immediately; I called the bank, the transaction was blocked, and the offender was traced — all without state intervention. In any case, if it had not been noticed in time, that is the reason insurance companies exist. Regarding terrorism, I remember the story of Pat Gilmore, a former Delta Airlines pilot, who identified Mohammed Atta, the leader of those who crashed the planes into the Twin Towers, months before the event but could not report him because nobody would take the complaint, since Atta had complied with all the documents and requirements imposed by the state security forces.




Perdido en un desierto de EEUU, en Bluffdale, estado de Utah, el gobierno construye un Leviathan: el centro de espionaje más grande del planeta. Una descomunal estructura que esconderá a la última tecnología destinada a interceptar, descifrar y analizar toda la red de comunicaciones globales. El emprendimiento se mantuvo en secreto hasta que salió a la luz a raíz de una investigación del periodista James Bamford. Es la nueva base de la National Security Agency (NSA), la agencia más poderosa y enigmática de EEUU que en recursos hoy supera a la CIA y al FBI, y dispone de la polémica Echelon, una red de espionaje basada en satélites.

Este nuevo bunker de la NSA, que estaría operativo en 2013, costará unos US$ 2.000 millones. El proyecto se originó en una iniciativa del gobierno de George W. Bush, que se conoció como "Stellar Wind", pero que resultó tan controvertida que el Parlamento terminó anulándola. Pero el de Washington no es el único gobierno, ahora el de Brasil, creando un organismo militar, el Centro de Defensa Cibernética, acaba de sumarse a la llamada "guerra del ciberespacio", junto a Rusia, China y Alemania. De hecho, mientras se da una disminución en los gastos militares tradicionales, existe un aumento notable en "defensa" electrónica, superando los US$ 50 mil millones en 2011.

En lenguaje militar, el ciberespacio es el "quinto campo de batalla". Sucede que, con la informática los ejércitos quedan seriamente complicados (¡y la paz asegurada!) ya que necesitan del secreto para ser eficaces, porque de nada sirve el arma más poderosa contra un mosquito si éste puede anticipar sus movimientos y escapar. Así, los países más militarizados (los más autoritarios) son los que mayores restricciones imponen sobre la red, regímenes como Rusia, Vietnam, China, Arabia Saudita, Venezuela y Cuba, mientras que en otros como Corea del Norte prácticamente no existe, y son los que pedirán, en diciembre, ante la asamblea de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones, a realizarse en Dubai, que el gobierno de internet pase de manos privadas a la ONU.

Las excusas son las de siempre, la seguridad nacional, los ataques contra bancos y empresas, la guerra contra el terrorismo, etc. Todas son una gran mentira. Es falso como el argumento de que, para defender la libertad, a veces hace falta violencia cuando ésta es, absolutamente siempre, liberticida. La Segunda Guerra Mundial, por poner un ejemplo de violencia "defensiva", instaló a la dictadura stalinista, la peor de la historia humana. Sin el ataque de los Aliados, probablemente entre el nazismo y la URSS se hubieran destrozado desapareciendo ambos, más tarde o más temprano.

En cuanto a la seguridad bancaria, personalmente fui atacado y mi tarjeta de crédito duplicada pero, precisamente, gracias a Internet inmediatamente advertí la maniobra, llamé al banco, la transacción fue bloqueada y el delincuente rastreado, y todo sin intervención estatal. En cualquier caso, de no advertirse a tiempo, para eso existen las compañías de seguros. En cuanto al terrorismo, recuerdo el relato de Pat Gilmore, ex piloto de Delta Airlines, que reconoció meses antes a Mohammad Atta, el líder de los que estrellaron los aviones contra las torres gemelas, pero no pudo denunciarlo porque nadie le tomaría la denuncia dado que Atta cumplía con todos los documentos y requisitos exigidos por las fuerzas de seguridad estatales.
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