First Lady Is US' Diplomatic Secret

Published in The People's Daily
(China) on 1 April 2013
by Song Guoyou (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Elizabeth Cao. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
Major diplomatic ceremonies and occasions show much affection and love between the president and the first lady; this no doubt helps to maintain a positive image of the president. Such a display of affection not only shows the rest of the world the happy family life the president has, but also the trust and intimacy between the members of the first family, stressing the importance of family for the president and how much he cares for his wife. The president reveals this side of him, of course, in order to maintain his image. If the first lady attends an important diplomatic reception with the president, it will be more beneficial for his relationships with the foreign diplomats, as well as the family members of the foreign dignitaries. This can be compared to ordinary people visiting their friends and relatives. If the hostess comes forward to entertain the guests, chatting and gossiping with them, this not only shows respect for the visitors, but it also leaves a good impression of the man of the house.

That is why the president is so willing to bring his wife along for major foreign receptions or trips. It doesn’t matter what she wears or how her overall appearance is. The mere presence of the first lady will have a significant effect on foreign affairs.

The image of the president is, in one way, just the overall image of the president himself. Yet in the grand scheme of things, it also represents the national image of the United States. In this sense, the first lady has already helped play a major role in maintaining the country’s image. However, if one thinks that the first lady only helps enhance the country’s image by presidential orders, one has obviously underestimated her role. As a woman, the first lady has to display different qualities than the male president. If one says that the president must show strength and wisdom in diplomacy as well as maintain the U.S.’ strong interests, then the first lady must be gentle, friendly and cordial, an overall gentle beauty. Obviously, this second image is much softer than the first and easier for the public to accept.

Whether it is a speech or a visit, the first lady of the U.S. must emphasize the same visions as her husband, ones that express values of freedom, equality and democracy. The fact that the first lady is required to appear alongside the president on major diplomatic occasions affirms the political status of women in the United States. Among the other successful people in the United States, the first lady is the most representative of American women and is the best narrator of America’s core values and the concept of the American dream.

Regardless of their individual personalities, the first ladies always avoid speaking on major international issues and instead choose to focus on the field of women’s rights, children’s welfare and education. This is to help better the conditions of women everywhere. Each time a first lady accompanies a president on a trip, she will usually go visit schools, hospitals and other welfare institutions to express her humanitarian concerns.

The first lady of the U.S. has become an important figure in contemporary American diplomacy; she is directly related to the soft power of the U.S. and overall U.S. foreign policy. Moreover, as a female, she can also make up for certain deficiencies of presidential diplomacy by playing an important complementary role — one that has become irreplaceable. Through her charm and sense of humanity, the first lady has realized the American dream as something more vivid and real.


把美国现任和前任第一夫人之间进行比较,以及把美国第一夫人和其他国家的第一夫人加以对比,历来是美国普通民众乃至其他国家的民众津津乐道的话题。

  如果在一些重大的外交仪式和场合上,总统身边出现第一夫人,并且时不时地流露出夫妻间的恩爱,将毫无疑问会维护总统的积极正面形象。因为这向外界充分释放了总统家庭和睦的讯息,表明第一家庭成员间的信任和亲密,进而体现了总统重视家庭、关爱妻子和强调亲情的温馨一面。总统如果能够展露出这样的人性化,当然是对自身形象的一种维护。此外,如果第一夫人能够随总统一起出席一些重要的外交接待活动,将会更有利于其拉近和外国政要以及政要家属的距离。这就好比普通人之间走亲访友一样。如果女主人出面招待, 甚至愿意谈谈家长里短,这对于来访者而言,不仅是一种尊重,也是一分亲近,会因此增加对男主人的好感。

  正因为如此,作为一种惯例,在一些重大的外事接待或者是外事出访中,美国的历任总统都非常愿意带上妻子。无关穿着,无关打扮,更无关容颜,第一夫人的出现本身就有了重要的外事意义。

  美国总统的形象,往小里说,是总统个人的,往大里说,是美国国家形象的一部分。所以,在这个意义上,第一夫人已经起到了维护国家形象的作用。但如果认为第一夫人只能通过总统才能提升美国国际形象,那显然是低估了第一夫人的作用。第一夫人作为女性,在外交当中能够发挥不同于男性总统的特质。假如说美国总统在外交中必须要展现意志、力量和智慧,以及对美国利益的坚强维护外,那么第一夫人所传递的则是温柔、友善和亲切,传递的是一种柔和之美。显然,第二种形象要比第一种形象显得更为柔软一些,也更容易令人接受。

  无论是美国第一夫人出访还是发表演讲,所强调的精神内核通常与她们的夫君一脉相承,即自由、平等和民主等价值观。事实上,美国第一夫人们在重大的外交场合与总统的同时出现,本身就是对美国妇女政治地位的肯定。另外,和其他美国的最成功者一样,第一夫人作为最具代表性的美国女性,也有资格成为美国梦这一美国核心价值观的最好讲述者。当然,她们不会讲什么大道理来论证美国梦,而是会结合自身从普通女子到美国第一夫人的真实经历来衬托美国梦的伟大。

  无论个人风格如何,从第一夫人们的外事活动重点来看,她们大都会避免就一些重大的国际热点问题发表看法,而是会选择妇女保护、儿童福利和教育平等等公益领域大展身手。这些都是发挥女性优势的最佳领域。每次陪同总统出访,或者是单独出国,她们大都会访问学校、医院以及福利院等机构,展示自己的人道主义情怀。

  不管怎样,美国的第一夫人外交已经成为美国当代外交的重要潮流,它和美国国家软实力直接相关,是美国整体外交的组成部分。而且,借助女性的性别优势,美国的第一夫人们能够弥补总统外交中的若干不足,对美国的首脑外交起到重要的补充作用,甚至是不可替代的独特作用。透过一个真实、有魅力以及人性化的第一夫人形象,美国形象以及美国梦也变得更为立体和生动。

  (作者为复旦大学美国研究中心副教授)

  注:本文为《人民论坛》杂志原创文章,网络转载请为作者署名并注明“来源:《人民论坛》杂志”字样。书面转载请联系010-65363752或邮件至rmlt@rmlt.com.cn。
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