Facebook’s Information Leak

Published in Sanyo News
(Japan) on 17 April 2018
by (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Deborah Chapin. Edited by Helaine Schweitzer.
It is time to reconsider the way the overflow of personal information on the internet should be managed.

Personal information was leaked from as many as 87 million users of Facebook, a prominent American social media site, and Congress held a public hearing to investigate this unauthorized use of information. At the hearing, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg acknowledged that security measures were deficient and apologized.

As a general rule, users register their real names on Facebook and share things like current circumstances and recent photos among friends. More than 2.1 billion people use Facebook every month, and 98 percent of its income comes from selling user data which is analyzed for the purpose of providing effective personalized advertising.

The problem here is that a British researcher developed a personality assessment-related app in 2013 and collected the data of Facebook users who participated. Subsequently, the researcher violated its agreement with Facebook by handing over the personal information to a third party British political consulting company. It did not stop at the users themselves. Information about the users’ Facebook friends was also extracted.

This consulting company is believed to have supported Donald Trump’s 2016 presidential election campaign, creating suspicion that the illegally obtained data were used to plan campaign strategy by analyzing political leanings.

This leak of personal information does not just stop at violating the privacy of users. When such a leak empowers the manipulation of public opinion, then it shakes the basis of democracy. Of course, the consulting company is at fault, but Facebook, which could not defend the consulting company’s use of the data, also has an extremely heavy responsibility.

In response to a series of questions at his hearing, Zuckerman said, “It’s clear now that we didn’t do enough to prevent these tools from being used for harm… It was my mistake, and I’m sorry.” To prevent a reoccurrence, the idea of restricting the access to personal information that external contractors have in order to protect users was raised. Furthermore, there was an indication that Facebook would make it easier for users to confirm the kind of information that Facebook would provide to others.

With respect to the issue of protecting personal information, a movement by countries to strengthen regulatory control can be seen. In May, the European Union will require contractors who handle personal information to have strict agreements. However, excessive regulation could impair the convenience aspect of using social media, and raises the question of regulations’ compatibility with protecting privacy.

On a social media site, personal information can be gathered and used before the users know it. The anxiety that comes from this kind of structure cannot be eliminated, where people enter into such a way of life without fully understanding it.

People also criticize Facebook about the spread of “fake news.” In the United States, a great deal of news is obtained through social networking sites, and verifying such news presents another challenge.

Internet companies that gather personal information in large quantities need to resolutely recognize the serious nature of their responsibility and thoroughly deal with it.


インターネット上にあふれる個人情報の重要性と管理の在り方を、あらためて考えさせられる。

 米交流サイト大手のフェイスブック(FB)の利用者ら最大8700万人分の個人情報が流出し、不正利用された問題で、米議会は公聴会を開いた。席上、同社のマーク・ザッカーバーグ最高経営責任者は、管理対策の不備を認めて陳謝した。

 FBは原則実名で登録し、友人同士で近況や写真などの情報を共有する。月間で21億人超が利用している。利用者のデータを分析し、個々人に合った効果的な広告掲載による収入が売上高の98%を占めるという。

 今回の問題は、英国の研究者が2013年に性格診断に関するアプリを開発し、これに参加したFBの利用者の情報を収集した。その後、研究者はFBの規約に違反して、第三者の英国の政治コンサルティング会社に個人情報を渡したという。利用者本人にとどまらず、FB上の「友人」も情報を抜き取られた。

 このコンサルティング会社は、16年の米大統領選でトランプ陣営を支援したとされる。不正に得たデータで政治志向を分析し、選挙戦略に利用した疑いが持たれている。

 個人情報の流出は、利用者のプライバシー侵害にとどまらない。特定の勢力の世論操作につながるなどすれば、民主主義の根幹を揺るがすことになる。コンサルティング会社などに非があるのは当然だが、防げなかったFBの責任も極めて重い。

 ザッカーバーグ氏は公聴会で、一連の問題について「FBが悪用されることへの十分な対応をしていなかったのは明らかだ。私の過ちで、申し訳ない」と述べた。再発防止策として、サイト利用者保護のため、外部業者による個人情報へのアクセス制限を挙げた。さらに、どのような情報を外部に提供しているか、利用者側が確認しやすくすることなども示した。

 個人情報の保護を巡っては、各国で規制強化への動きが見られる。5月には欧州連合(EU)が、個人情報を扱う業者に対して厳格な対応を義務付ける。ただ、過度な規制は利便性を損ないかねず、プライバシーを守ることとの両立が問われるだろう。

 交流サイトでは、利用者が知らないうちに個人情報が集められ、使用されている。こうした仕組みが本人に十分理解されないまま生活の中に入り込んでいる現状には、不安が拭えない。

 FBには、フェイク(偽)ニュースを拡散させているとの批判もある。米国では、多くがソーシャル・ネットワーキング・サービス(SNS)経由でニュースを入手しており、どうチェックしていくかも課題だ。

 個人情報を大量に収集するIT企業は、責任の重大さをしっかり認識し、丁寧に対応しなければならない。
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