The Battle of Sanctions between America, Europe and Russia: Breaking the Long Stability of Ukraine

Published in Ryukyushimpo
(Japan) on 10 August 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Stephanie Chiu. Edited by Gillian Palmer.
In response to sanctions by the United States and the European Union in the Ukraine crisis, Russia has taken the plunge by banning imports of its agricultural and marine products. However, these restraints will only invite increased antagonism from the U.S. and the EU, and set Ukraine’s safety even farther away.

Russia’s revenge is strict, banning imports of fish, meat, fruits and vegetables for one year. And Russia’s taking steps to specify countermeasures against American and EU economic sanctions is just the beginning. However, by banning imports of European fruits and vegetables, which are sold at a low price, there is a great fear of inflation and of foodstuffs suddenly jumping in price within Russia.

Thus far, the West’s sanctions include prohibiting travel by President Putin’s close associates, among other matters. They reasoned that they were supporting military affairs against Russia, which is battling political forces after incorporating Crimea, a southern region of Ukraine, and declaring independence of other eastern regions. In July, even amid doubts that Russia was involved in the downing of a Malaysian aircraft, the West put a hold on aid to Russia by intensifying sanctions on Russian governmental banks and banning sponsoring weapons creation and offshore oil field expansion.

It is clear how the decline of Russian ruble has impacted the economy. If Russia continues to drag out its ban of agricultural and marine product imports, its economy will become frail, and it will realize that it has “[imposed] sanctions on [its] own people,” as David S. Cohen, the undersecretary of the treasury for terrorism and financial intelligence, has said.

As part of its revenge, Russia is also considering restricting Russian airspace, which would prohibit European and American airline companies from sending flights from the West to Japan and the rest of Asia. This is a dangerous move reminiscent of Cold War era restrictions, during which Western airlines could not pass through Soviet airspace. Russia should not fan the flames of conflict, but instead cooperate to discover the truth behind the aircraft downing.

On the other hand, Russia’s reprisals have impacted European economy. The response to these economic concerns is a cause of great concern for world economy as a whole. From the beginning, the West’s sanctions on Russia were never meant to exclude it, but instead to ensure Ukraine’s stability and to urge Russia into cooperating to discover the truth behind the aircraft downing. It should stop any further exchange of sanctions. The international community as a whole should cooperate and discuss how they can ease tensions.

Russia opposes Japan’s conformity to the sanctions made against Russia, and yet, its import ban on foodstuffs does not include Japan. It is trying to avoid worsening its relations with Japan. Meanwhile, as Japan works to cooperate with the West, it is unsure how exactly to approach its relations with Russia. I suggest that the original discussions to continue and that a more flexible attitude be taken in regard to Russia.


ロ・欧米制裁合戦 ウクライナ安定遠のくだけ
2014年8月10日

 ロシアがウクライナ問題をめぐる米国や欧州連合(EU)の対ロ制裁に対し、農水産品の輸入禁止に踏み切った。制裁の応酬は対立の深刻化を招き、ウクライナの安定が遠のくだけである。
 報復は米国やEUなどの魚肉類や野菜、果物などの輸入を1年間禁止するという厳しい内容だ。ウクライナ危機で欧米などが発動した経済制裁に対し、ロシアが対抗策と明示した措置を取るのは初めてとなる。だが安価な欧州産の野菜や果物などの輸入が禁止されることで、ロシア国内で食料品価格の高騰などインフレを招く懸念も大きい。
 欧米などはこれまで、ウクライナ南部クリミアの編入や同国東部で独立を宣言し、政権側部隊と交戦している親ロシア派への軍事支援を理由に、プーチン大統領の側近らに対する渡航禁止などの制裁を発動した。7月には、親ロ派の関与が疑われるマレーシア航空機撃墜後もロシアが支援をやめていないとして、制裁をロシア政府系銀行にも拡大し、武器や海底油田開発などの技術提供も禁止した。
 ロシアでは通貨ルーブルの下落など経済に影響が出ている。農水産物輸入禁止の影響が長引けば、経済が脆弱(ぜいじゃく)化し、「自国民に制裁を科したことになる」(コーエン米財務次官)ことを自覚すべきだ。
 ロシア側は報復制裁としてロシア上空を通過し、欧州から日本などアジアに向かう欧米航空会社の便の飛行禁止なども検討している。西側航空会社がソ連上空を通過できなかった冷戦時代を想起させる危険な動きだ。ロシア側は対立をあおるのではなく、撃墜事件の真相究明に協力すべきである。
 一方、ロシアの報復措置は欧州経済にも影響し、経済制裁の応酬は世界経済の大きな懸念材料ともなろう。もとより欧米の制裁はロシアを排除するためではなく、ウクライナの安定や撃墜事件の解明へロシアの協力を促すことが目的のはずだ。これ以上の制裁の応酬をやめ、国際社会は一致して対話による緊張緩和の道を模索すべきだ。
 ロシアは、日本が対ロ制裁に一部同調していることに反発しているが、食料品の輸入禁止には日本を含めていない。対日関係の極度の悪化は避けた形だ。一方の日本側は欧米との協調の間で、対ロ関係で難しいかじ取りを迫られている。独自対話を継続し、ロシア側の柔軟姿勢を促してもらいたい。
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