Stock Market Spurs US Companies into Reform

Published in Nihon Keizai Shinbun
(Japan) on 16 October 2014
by Editorial (link to originallink to original)
Translated from by Hirotoshi Kimura. Edited by Bora Mici.
The global stock market has gotten increasingly unstable. In the United States, it’s nothing out of the ordinary anymore if the Dow Jones Industrial Average swings down more than $200 a day, and as a corollary to that, the Nikkei Index has fallen approximately 7 percent thus far this month.

A sense of wariness toward the sudden deceleration of the global economy can partially explain this instability. Last week, the finance ministers and chairpersons of the central banks of G20 nations and regions shared an understanding of the risk of future downswings in the global economy.

The flagging performance of major U.S. companies — which are the sensitive mirrors of the state of the global economy — makes it clear that risk is becoming salient.

Semiconductor manufacturing company Microchip Technology, for instance, has announced that its third-quarter sales — July to September — seem to have fared below expectations. Major automaker Ford Motor Company has laid out a forecast that it will take more time to improve its profitability in Europe, where demand is still sluggish.

Having said that, the performance of U.S. companies does not have to be taken too seriously. As of now, the third-quarter net sales of 500 major U.S. companies are expected to grow by 4 percent in revenue and 6 percent in earnings over the same period as compared to last year. Accepting the falls in their share prices as a warning from the market, not just a few companies are embarking on a bold restructuring for sustained growth.

The major information technology firm Hewlett-Packard has moved to split off its personal computer and printer businesses. Likewise, the major Internet auction firm eBay has decided to divest from PayPal, an online payment service provider. In the financial sector, Citigroup, desperately trying to emerge robust out of the ashes of the Lehman crisis, is retreating from consumer banking in Japan, Latin America, etc.

These [measures] are being undertaken as a restructuring to strengthen their core businesses; the feedback from the stock market is also favorable. Many Japanese companies, even after having lost competitiveness in their principal businesses, lack the decisiveness to make the right choices and then stick to them. On the other hand, U.S. companies, even in the midst of all the turbulence in the stock market, are solemnly undertaking reforms. If they are to compete with their U.S. counterparts in the global market, Japanese companies would do well to learn from such an attitude.


世界の株式市場が不安定さを増してきた。米国では大企業で構成するダウ工業株30種平均の下げ幅が200ドルを超える日も珍しくなくなった。その影響を受ける格好で、日経平均株価は10月に入って7%ほど下げている。

 不安定さの背景には世界経済の急減速への警戒感がある。先週開催された20カ国・地域(G20)財務相・中央銀行総裁会議でも、世界経済の下振れリスクに対する認識が共有された。

 世界の景気を敏感に反映する米大企業の業績は、そうした下振れリスクが顕在化しつつあることを強く印象づける。

 たとえば半導体メーカーのマイクロチップ・テクノロジーは中国での不振を理由に、7~9月期の売上高が予想を下回ったもようだと発表した。自動車大手のフォード・モーターは、需要の回復が鈍い欧州で事業の採算改善が遅れるとの見通しを示した。

 しかし、米企業の業績を過度に慎重に受けとめる必要もない。今のところ、主要500社の7~9月期決算は前年同期に比べて4%の増収、6%の増益が見込まれる。株価の下落を市場からの警鐘と受け止め、持続的な成長のために思い切った事業再編を進める企業も少なくない。

 IT(情報技術)大手のヒューレット・パッカードがパソコンとプリンター事業の分離に動くほか、ネット競売大手イーベイは決済会社のペイパルを切り離すことを決めた。金融業ではリーマン・ショック後の再建を急ぐシティグループが、日本や中南米などの個人向け業務から撤退する。

 いずれも中核事業を強化するための再編であり、株式市場の受け止め方も好意的だ。

 日本では主力事業が競争力を失った後もなお、選択と集中を徹底できない企業が多い。株価が不安定ななかで粛々と改革に取り組んでいる米国企業の動きは、グローバル市場で米国勢と戦おうとする日本企業にとって参考とすべき点が多い。
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